Physiological actions of taurine

Abstract

TABLE 1. Some biological actions of taurine Action References Action References Cardiovascular system Antiarrhythmic Positive inotropy at low calcium Negative inotropy at high calcium Potentiation of digitalis inotropy Antagonism of calcium paradox Hypotensive (central and peripheral action) Retardation of lesion development in calcium overload cardiomyopathy Increased resistance of platelets to aggregation

Kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures in Sprague-Dawley rats and the effect of dietary taurine (TAU) supplementation or deficiency

“…This study did not confirm previous reports by other investigators of TAU's anticonvulsant activity (Wada et al, 1975;Uemura, 1991;Huxtable, 1992;Huxtable, 1989, Yoshida et al, 1986Izumi, 1974). Oral TAU administration did increase serum levels by 3-fold in SD rats after 4 weeks of 1.5% TAU supplementation.…”

Kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures in Sprague-Dawley rats and the effect of dietary taurine (TAU) supplementation or deficiency

“…This study did not confirm previous reports by other investigators of TAU's anticonvulsant activity (Wada et al, 1975;Uemura, 1991;Huxtable, 1992;Huxtable, 1989, Yoshida et al, 1986Izumi, 1974). Oral TAU administration did increase serum levels by 3-fold in SD rats after 4 weeks of 1.5% TAU supplementation.…”

Analysis of the Effect of Vitamin C at IC50 on RAW264.7 and K562 Cells Based on 1H NMR Metabonomics

“…Extracellular taurine can be imported into the cell and metabolized to cysteine, which might be a reason for the increase in metabolic concentration of cysteine. In agreement with studies having shown that alanine antagonized the transport of taurine, alanine metabolism had also changed upon vitamin C treatment. Trimethylamineoxide (TMAO) is mainly considered to be a metabolic waste product of choline, and many studies have shown that TMAO is involved in important biological functions of many organisms, including using TMAO to maintain cell volume under osmotic and hydrostatic conditions .…”

Taurine attenuates maternal and embryonic oxidative stress in a streptozotocin-diabetic rat model

“…In the present study, the b-cell toxicity of STZ was evident by a marked elevation in plasma glucose in diabetic rats and taurine supplements could reduce the elevated blood glucose concentrations only marginally. These data are consistent with previous findings (Huxtable, 1992;Kulakowski and Maturo, 1984). In rats fed a high fructose diet (a model of insulin resistance characteristic of type 2 diabetes), taurine was shown to reduce insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, lipid peroxidation, protein glycation and haemoglobin glycosylation (Schaffer et al, 2009;Tokunaga et al, 1983).…”

Kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures in Sprague-Dawley rats and the effect of dietary taurine (TAU) supplementation or deficiency

“…This study did not confirm previous reports by other investigators of TAU's anticonvulsant activity (Wada et al, 1975;Uemura, 1991;Huxtable, 1992;Huxtable, 1989, Yoshida et al, 1986Izumi, 1974). Oral TAU administration did increase serum levels by 3-fold in SD rats after 4 weeks of 1.5% TAU supplementation.…”

Analysis of the Effect of Vitamin C at IC50 on RAW264.7 and K562 Cells Based on 1H NMR Metabonomics

“…Extracellular taurine can be imported into the cell and metabolized to cysteine, which might be a reason for the increase in metabolic concentration of cysteine. In agreement with studies having shown that alanine antagonized the transport of taurine, alanine metabolism had also changed upon vitamin C treatment. Trimethylamineoxide (TMAO) is mainly considered to be a metabolic waste product of choline, and many studies have shown that TMAO is involved in important biological functions of many organisms, including using TMAO to maintain cell volume under osmotic and hydrostatic conditions .…”

Taurine attenuates maternal and embryonic oxidative stress in a streptozotocin-diabetic rat model

“…In the present study, the b-cell toxicity of STZ was evident by a marked elevation in plasma glucose in diabetic rats and taurine supplements could reduce the elevated blood glucose concentrations only marginally. These data are consistent with previous findings (Huxtable, 1992;Kulakowski and Maturo, 1984). In rats fed a high fructose diet (a model of insulin resistance characteristic of type 2 diabetes), taurine was shown to reduce insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, lipid peroxidation, protein glycation and haemoglobin glycosylation (Schaffer et al, 2009;Tokunaga et al, 1983).…”

Kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures in Sprague-Dawley rats and the effect of dietary taurine (TAU) supplementation or deficiency

“…This study did not confirm previous reports by other investigators of TAU's anticonvulsant activity (Wada et al, 1975;Uemura, 1991;Huxtable, 1992;Huxtable, 1989, Yoshida et al, 1986Izumi, 1974). Oral TAU administration did increase serum levels by 3-fold in SD rats after 4 weeks of 1.5% TAU supplementation.…”

Analysis of the Effect of Vitamin C at IC50 on RAW264.7 and K562 Cells Based on 1H NMR Metabonomics

“…Extracellular taurine can be imported into the cell and metabolized to cysteine, which might be a reason for the increase in metabolic concentration of cysteine. In agreement with studies having shown that alanine antagonized the transport of taurine, alanine metabolism had also changed upon vitamin C treatment. Trimethylamineoxide (TMAO) is mainly considered to be a metabolic waste product of choline, and many studies have shown that TMAO is involved in important biological functions of many organisms, including using TMAO to maintain cell volume under osmotic and hydrostatic conditions .…”

Taurine attenuates maternal and embryonic oxidative stress in a streptozotocin-diabetic rat model

“…In the present study, the b-cell toxicity of STZ was evident by a marked elevation in plasma glucose in diabetic rats and taurine supplements could reduce the elevated blood glucose concentrations only marginally. These data are consistent with previous findings (Huxtable, 1992;Kulakowski and Maturo, 1984). In rats fed a high fructose diet (a model of insulin resistance characteristic of type 2 diabetes), taurine was shown to reduce insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, lipid peroxidation, protein glycation and haemoglobin glycosylation (Schaffer et al, 2009;Tokunaga et al, 1983).…”