Physics with coherent matter waves

Bongs, Kai; Sengstock, K.

doi:10.1088/0034-4885/67/6/r03

Cited by 176 publications

(193 citation statements)

References 337 publications

(609 reference statements)

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“…Coherent matter wave optics is reviewed in Bongs and Sengstock (2004). Like its optical counterpart, the atom laser is interesting from both a fundamental and applied point of view.…”

Section: B Metastable Helium Atom Lasermentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold and trapped metastable noble gases

et al. 2012

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We review experimental work on cold, trapped metastable noble gases. We emphasize the aspects which distinguish work with these atoms from the large body of work on cold, trapped atoms in general. These aspects include detection techniques and collision processes unique to metastable atoms. We describe several experiments exploiting these unique features in fields including atom optics and statistical physics. We also discuss precision measurements on these atoms including fine structure splittings, isotope shifts, and atomic lifetimes.

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“…Coherent matter wave optics is reviewed in Bongs and Sengstock (2004). Like its optical counterpart, the atom laser is interesting from both a fundamental and applied point of view.…”

Section: B Metastable Helium Atom Lasermentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold and trapped metastable noble gases

et al. 2012

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“…Observations of the interaction between quantum effects and gravity have mainly been achieved-apart from free-fall situations, for example, of freely falling Bose-Einstein condensates [29]-in the realm of neutron and atom interferometry. Colella, Overhauser, and Werner ('COW') have measured in 1975 a phase shift in a neutron's wave function caused by gravity [30], while Bonse and Wroblewski have performed in 1983 the analogous experiment for neutrons in an accelerated frame [31].…”

Section: Observed Effects and Theoretical Ideasmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the interaction of mesoscopic quantum systems with gravity

Kiefer¹,

Weber

2005

Ann. Phys.

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We review the different aspects of the interaction of mesoscopic quantum systems with gravitational fields. We first discuss briefly the foundations of general relativity and quantum mechanics. Then, we consider the non-relativistic expansions of the Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations in the post-Newtonian approximation. After a short overview of classical gravitational waves, we discuss two proposed interaction mechanisms: (i) the use of quantum fluids as generator and/or detector of gravitational waves in the laboratory, and (ii) the inclusion of gravitomagnetic fields in the study of the properties of rotating superconductors. The foundations of the proposed experiments are explained and evaluated. Quantum theory and the gravitational fieldIn this introductory section we shall give a brief review of the relation between quantum theory and gravity. For more details and references we refer to [1].The gravitational interaction is distinguished by the fact that it interacts universally with all forms of energy. It dominates on large scales (relevant for cosmology) and for compact objects (such as neutron stars and black holes). All presently known features of gravitational physics are successfully described by the theory of general relativity (GR), accomplished by Albert Einstein in 1915.1 In this theory, gravity is not interpreted as a force acting on space and in time, but as a representation of the geometry of spacetime. This is a consequence of the equivalence principle stating the (local) equivalence of free fall with the gravity-free case. Mass generates curvature which in turn acts back on the mass. Curvature can also exist in vacuum; for example, it can propagate with the speed of light in the form of gravitational waves. In contrast to other physical theories, spacetime in GR plays a dynamical role and not the role of a rigid background structure.Experimentally, GR is a very successful theory [4]. Particularly impressive examples are the observations of the double pulsar PSR 1913+16 by which the existence of gravitational waves has been verified indirectly. Many interferometers on Earth are now in operation with the goal of direct observations of these waves. This would open a new window to the universe ('gravitational-wave astronomy'). After 40 years of preparation, the ambitious satellite project Gravity-Probe B was launched in April 2004 in order to observe the 'Thirring-Lense effect' predicted by GR. This effect states that a rotating mass (here the Earth) forces local inertial systems in its neighbourhood to rotate with respect to far-away objects. GR has also entered everyday life in the form of the global positioning system GPS; without the implementation of GR, inaccuracies in the order of kilometres would easily arise over the time span of days [5]. A recent survey of GR tests in space can be found in [6] and the references therein. * Corresponding author: e-mail: kiefer@thp.uni-koeln.de 1 Exceptions may be the Pioneer anomaly [2] and the rotation curves of galaxies [3], which could in principle d...

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“…The making and probing of ultracold molecular gases has attracted much attention in recent years [1]. Starting from an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate, magnetic Feshbach resonances and/or optical photoassociation [2] can be exploited to create not only diatomic molecules but also more complex molecules, such as evidenced by the recent observations of transient short-lifetime trimers Cs 3 [3] or tetramers Cs 4 (actually the resonances in inelastic processes) [4].…”

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confidence: 99%

Quantum Noise in the Collective Abstraction ReactionA+B2→AB+B

2008

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We demonstrate theoretically that the collective abstraction reaction A+B2 → AB+B can be realized efficiently with degenerate bosonic or fermionic matter waves. We show that this is dominated by quantum fluctuations, which are critical in triggering its initial stages with the appearance of macroscopic non-classical correlations of the atomic and molecular fields as a result. This study opens up a promising new regime of quantum degenerate matter-wave chemistry.

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Physics with coherent matter waves

Cited by 176 publications

References 337 publications

Cold and trapped metastable noble gases

Cold and trapped metastable noble gases

On the interaction of mesoscopic quantum systems with gravity

Quantum Noise in the Collective Abstraction ReactionA+B2→AB+B

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