Physics of Glass Failure During Rod Penetration

Shockey, D. A.; Bergmannshoff, D.; Curran, D. R.; Simons, J. W.

doi:10.1002/9780470456286.ch3

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…It is clear that the damage initiation in the layered far ahead of the projectile. By the time the projectile arrives, the damaged zone has already spread sideways, The is quite different from the more localized damage zone in the experiments performed by Shockey et al (2008) on a single glass block without layers (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Numerical Predictions In Impact Damage Propagationmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…It is the motion of the damaged material ahead of the projectile that allows the projectile to move forward. If the damage zone is localized, such as those encountered in the glass-block target (Shockey et al, 2008), the material within the zone is extensively damaged and can be moved around the projectile relatively easily. This leads to deeper penetration.…”

Section: State-of-the-art Of Layered Glass Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Surface Treatment and Interfacial Strength on the Damage Propagation in Layered Transparent Armor under Impact

Chen¹

2011

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The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. This research program is to develop a fundamental understanding of the damage propagation through layered transparent armors under impact loading conditions. The effects of surface quality and interfacial bonding strength on the damage propagation or arrest will also be examined. During the funded period of the program, a gas gun has been developed and used to impact layered glass targets. Notched glass specimens having adhesive interfaces are impacted with plastic projectiles. It is found that, an impact-induced crack arrests at an interface ABSTRACTThis research program is to develop a fundamental understanding of the damage propagation through layered transparent armors under impact loading conditions. The effects of surface quality and interfacial bonding strength on the damage propagation or arrest will also be examined. During the funded period of the program, a gas gun has been developed and used to impact layered glass targets. Notched glass specimens having adhesive interfaces are impacted with plastic projectiles. It is found that, an impact-induced crack arrests at an interface perpendocular to the crack path if the interface is not bonded. When the interface is bonded tightly, the crack passes through the interface in its propagation without being affected by the interface. When the bonded interface has a finite thickness, the crack slows down at the interface and then branches to many cracks that form a fan shape. Besides the crack experiments, the effects of surface quality on bending strength of glass are also investigated.(a) Papers published in peer-reviewed journals (N/A for none) The number of undergraduates funded by this agreement who graduated during this period with a degree in science, mathematics, engineering, or technology fields: (d) Manuscripts Number of Peer-Reviewed Conference Proceeding publications (other than abstracts): 2 NumberThe number of undergraduates funded by your agreement who graduated during this period and will continue to pursue a graduate or Ph.D. degree in science, mathematics, engineering, or technology fields:Number of graduating undergraduates who achieved a 3.5 GPA to 4.0 (4.0 max scale): Number of graduating undergraduates funded by a DoD funded Center of Excellence grant for Education, Research and Engineering:The number of undergraduates funded by your agreement who graduated during this period and intend to work for the Department of DefenseThe number of undergraduates funded by your agreement who graduated during this period and will receive scholarships or fellowships for further studies in science, mathematics, engineering or technology fields: Student Metrics This section only applies to graduating undergraduates supported by this agreement in this reporting perio...

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Section: Numerical Predictions In Impact Damage Propagationmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: State-of-the-art Of Layered Glass Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Surface Treatment and Interfacial Strength on the Damage Propagation in Layered Transparent Armor under Impact

Chen¹

2011

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“…On the other hand, the resistance to penetration, and therefore the ability to deform and erode the projectile, depends on the damage and failure mechanisms in the target materials. Since part of transparent armor consists of brittle materials, the fragmentation of the ceramic and glass layers plays a key role in the resistance to penetration [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This description is based on the assumption of an inherent distribution of flaws, which are the sites of fracture nucleation, depending on the loading. Shockey et al [5] recently investigated the failure of glass due to the penetration of steel projectiles of size and shape similar to the steel cores of armor-piercing ammunition. The data derived from the postpenetration analysis of the fragmentation were used as a basis for modeling material failure and projectile penetration [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Fragmentation of AlON and Spinel Under Ballistic Impact

Straßburger¹,

Hunzinger

Patel³

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Mechanics

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It has been demonstrated that significant weight reductions can be achieved, compared to conventional glass-based armor, when a transparent ceramic is used as the strike face on a glass-polymer laminate. Magnesium aluminate spinel (MgAl 2 O 4 ) and AlON are promising candidate materials for application as a hard front layer in transparent armor. Comprehensive, systematic investigations of the fragmentation of ceramics have shown that the mode of fragmentation is one of the key parameters influencing the ballistic resistance of ceramics. In the study described here, the fragmentation of AlON and three types of spinel was analyzed: two types of fine grained spinel with nominal average grain sizes 0.6 lm and 1.6 lm and a bimodal grain-sized spinel with large grains of 250 lm size in a fine grain (5-20 lm) matrix were examined. The ceramic specimens of 6-mm thickness were glued to an aluminum backing and impacted with armor piercing (AP) projectiles of caliber 7.62 mm at two different velocities-850 m/s and 1100 m/s. The targets were integrated into a target box, which allowed for an almost complete recovery and analysis of the ceramic fragments. Different types of high-speed cameras were applied in order to visualize the different phases of fragment formation and ejection. A laser light-sheet illumination technique was applied in combination with high-speed cameras in order to determine size and speed of ejected ceramic fragments during projectile penetration. The application of the visualization techniques allowed for the analysis of the dynamics of the fragment formation and interaction with the projectile. A significant difference in the fragment size distributions of bimodal grain-sized spinel and AlON was observed.

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“…A similar problem arises in transparent armor applications as well; transparency to visible and other wavelengths is essential in many applications and these transparent "ports" need to be protected against foreign object impact as well. There have been numerous studies of the dynamic failure behavior of ceramics used as transparent armor (see, for example [3,4,5]). Glass, laminated with alternating layers of polymers of varying thickness and fracture properties, is also a very commonly used as transparent armor [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Transient Response of Polyurea

2012

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The strain-rate dependent tensile response of a transparent elastomer, polyurea, is determined at stretchrates in the range of 800 to 8000 per second. This is accomplished by measuring the spatio-temporal evolution of the particle velocity and strain in a thin strip subjected to high speed impact loading that generates uniaxial stress conditions. The observed response is modeled using a modified viscoplastic constitutive relation.

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Physics of Glass Failure During Rod Penetration

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Surface Treatment and Interfacial Strength on the Damage Propagation in Layered Transparent Armor under Impact

Effects of Surface Treatment and Interfacial Strength on the Damage Propagation in Layered Transparent Armor under Impact

Analysis of the Fragmentation of AlON and Spinel Under Ballistic Impact

Characterization of the Transient Response of Polyurea

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