Physicochemical Characteristics of Aedes Mosquito Breeding Habitats in Suburban and Urban Areas of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Abstract

BackgroundThe knowledge of key elements of the ecosystem affecting mosquito distribution and their population dynamics is essential for designing mosquito-borne disease interventions. The present study characterized the physicochemical properties of Aedes mosquito breeding habitats in Democratic Republic of the Congo.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was carried out in Kinshasa, from February to April 2021. The physicochemical characteristics of the natural and artificial aquatic habitats of Aedes were measured using a multiparametric device.ResultsOut of 438 breeding habitats inspected, 273 (62.3%) contained mosquito larvae. The Aedes mosquitoes identified in 76.19% of positive breeding sites were Aedes albopictus (67.30%) and Aedes aegypti (37.98%). The median values of dissolved oxygen (DO) (1.0), turbidity (19.15), and salinity (0.115) in water breeding sites of Aedes were respectively 0.8, 55.0, and 0.29 in Culex breeding sites (p < 0.05). The physicochemical characteristics of the breeding habitat for Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were almost identical. In urban areas, the median temperature was 29.82 while it was 29.60 in suburban areas (p < 0.05). Significantly, the salinity was higher in bamboo and metal containers while DO was higher in tins. After analysis using simple linear regression, total dissolved solids (r = 0.23; p = 0.000), conductivity (r = 0.23), salinity (r = 0.23), and temperature (r = 0.13) were associated with larval density (p < 0.05). In the final model (r = 0.30, p = 0.01), salinity (r = 0.23) and DO (r = 0.138) adjusted to temperature, pH, and turbidity were associated positively to larvae density.ConclusionThe Aedes breeding sites and mosquito density were significantly influenced by water salinity, DO, temperature, pH, and turbidity.

Breeding Habitat Preference of the Dengue Vector Mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from Urban, Semiurban, and Rural Areas in Kurunegala District, Sri Lanka

“…Although previous studies had specified that TDS levels of Aedes breeding habitats are low [ 27 , 46 – 48 ], our results revealed that dengue vectors can survive in a broad range of TDS and the level of TDS positively correlates with BPR of Ae. aegypti and Ae.…”

Phytotelmata accounts for Aedes breeding places in Mantup Sub-district, Lamongan District, Indonesia

“…The occurrence of mosquito larvae in breeding sites was affected by some factors, including the water's salinity, DO, temperature, pH, and turbidity. They had a substantial impact on the Aedes breeding sites and mosquito density (Mbanzulu et al 2022). These water parameters have an impact on some fundamental mosquito traits, including survival, body size, and biting behavior.…”

Water PH Correlates With The Number of Mosquito Larvae in Nature Tourism Park

“…Analisis data menunjukkan nilai p>0,05, menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik antara jumlah larva nyamuk dan suhu lokal di TWA X. Penelitian terakhir menunjukkan bahwa larva Aedes aegypti tidak berkorelasi dengan suhu di Kota Zanzibar, Tanzania, dan Kota Bandung, Jawa Barat (Saleh et al, 2018;Sarwita et al, 2018) Di sisi lain, Mbanzulu et al (2022) mengidentifikasi hubungan antara pH dan suhu terhadap jumlah larva nyamuk (Mbanzulu et al, 2022).…”

“…Dari kisaran jumlah tersebut, banyak larva nyamuk berada pada pH optimal untuk bereproduksi. Hal ini sesuai dengan penelitian Mbanzulu et al (2022) pada Aedes di Congo yang menemukan korelasi positif dengan jumlah larva Aedes (Mbanzulu et al, 2022). Namun sebaliknya, penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Suyaningtyas et al (2017) tidak menunjukkan adanya korelasi antara pH dan jumlah larva (Suryaningtyas et al, 2017).…”

“…albopictus memiliki nilai 128,5 ppm yang termasuk dalam kategori bersih (Novianto et al, 2021). Sebaliknya, TDS ditemukan berkorelasi signifikan dengan p-value = 0,036 dalam studi oleh Mbanzulu et al (2022) (Mbanzulu et al, 2022). Nyamuk Aedes sp lebih banyak ditemukan pada penelitian ini karena Aedes sp lebih menyukai air bersih, sedangkan Culex sp lebih suka berkembang biak di air yang kotor dan tercemar (Suparyati, 2020).…”