Physico-chemo-mechanical impact of sc-CO2 on shale formations: The Bakken

Khosravi, Mohammad Hosein; Kheirollahi, Mahdi; Liu, Bo; Gentzis, Thomas; Liu, Kouqi; Motra, Hem Bahadur; Ostadhassan, Mehdi

doi:10.1016/j.jgsce.2023.204945

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Before exposure sample majorly constitute of quartz and carbonate followed by calcite. 63 After exposure to Sc-CO 2 , Khosravi detected images produced by SEM seen formation of new pores voids space, formation of new micro cracks due to alteration in mineral and pore structure of the sample due to dissolution of certain mineral like carbonate, calcite, and potassium Feldsphar and precipitation of minerals like pyrite and quartz. 143 According to International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) pore size of shale as micropores (<2 nm), mesopores (2 nm −50 nm), and macropores (>50 nm).…”

Section: Kalsimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When CO 2 dissolves with water, a carbonic acid solution is created, from which hydrogen ion dissociates, reduces the pH of the solution as discussed in equation . ,, Shales with a high percentage of clay mineral release more water when interacting with Sc-CO 2 to produce carbonic acid. ,,,,,− Every shale is composed of different minerals that react differently when they interact with Sc-CO 2 and water; consequently, it changes the overall composition of rock.…”

Section: Interaction Of Sc-co2 With Shalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following (iii to x) are the chemical reactions after interaction of Sc-CO 2 -water-rock minerals, which causes mineral dissolution and new mineral precipitation by altering the pore structure ,,− CO 2 + H 2 O ↔ H + + HCO 3 − ↔ 2 H + + CO 3 2 − …”

Section: Interaction Of Sc-co2 With Shalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although, it depends on the type of shale as different shales exhibit a wide variety of CO 2 to CH 4 adsorption ratio. 54,62,63 Meanwhile, complications like an in-depth understanding of the interactions between Sc-CO 2 and shale formation are necessary for the efficient long-term geological storage of CO 2 . 64 Further investigation is required to comprehend how the CO 2 storage will affect the mineralogy and nanoscale pore structure over time and depth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A significant proportion of CO 2 is adsorbed and fixed permanently during and after the CO 2 fracturing job. Although, it depends on the type of shale as different shales exhibit a wide variety of CO 2 to CH 4 adsorption ratio. ,, …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Utilization for Hydraulic Fracturing of Shale Reservoir, and Geo-Storage: A Review

Gupta,

Verma

2023

Energy Fuels

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Hydraulic fracturing has completely revolutionized how shale resources are exploited to extracthydrocarbons. However, sustainability and environmental issues have fueled the desire for alternate fracturing technologies. Supercritical carbon dioxide (Sc-CO2) fracturing is a new method that uses high-pressure, high-temperature CO2 in its supercritical state (7.38 MPa and 31.1 °C) to generate fractures in shale formations, thereby increasing reservoir permeability. This Review thoroughly analyzes the effects of Sc-CO2 on shale reservoirs during the fracturing process, including the factors that affect fracture breakdown pressure and the complexity and roughness of fracture induced by Sc-CO2. Sc-CO2 can fracture rock at a fracturing pressure lower than that of slick water. CO2, in its supercritical state, shows strong permeability, low viscosity, and extremely low surface tension, like gas, because of which it can infiltrate any space larger than its kinetic diameter (0.330 nm). Many research investigations illustrate how Sc-CO2 affects shales with diverse pore structures, mineral compositions, and mechanical properties when exposed to Sc-CO2 for several hours to days. It is challenging to effectively store CO2 in shale gas reservoirs due to their low permeability and limited storage capacity. To improve the effectiveness of CO2 storage, shale can be fractured to increase the pore space and surface area in reservoirs. Thereby, a certain amount of the CO2 pumped for shale gas production can be securely stored in shale formations, reducing carbon emissions and allowing for a zero-carbon footprint. This paper discusses the pathway and different chemical reactions involved in the storage of CO2 after fracturing over a period. However, fully understanding the interactions between Sc-CO2 and shale rock and the possibility of long-term storage of CO2 in shale formations is quite challenging. It is because of a lack of research and limited knowledge in the above field. Hence, more investigation and development are required in the research area of Sc-CO2 fracturing and the interaction of CO2 with shale rock.

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Section: Kalsimentioning

confidence: 99%