Physical, mechanical, thermal, and dynamic characterization of carbon nanotubes incorporated poly(methyl methacrylate)-based denture implant

Abstract

The objective of this study was targeted to synthesize and characterize a carbon nanotubes (CNTs) incorporated poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-based denture polymer. Two experimental denture base polymers were fabricated either by incorporating single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) (SW-group) or multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) (MW-group). In both groups, 0.5 wt% of the CNTs were incorporated into MMA monomer. Using a commercially available heat-cured PMMA (Interacryl Hot, Interdent, Opekarniska, Slovenia), a polymer-to-monomer ratio of 3:1 was used to fabricate the specimens (14 × 14 × 3 mm3 in dimensions) of the control group (without CNTs) (C-group) and the experimental groups (either SWCNT–PMMA or MWCNT–PMMA) ( n = 30, N = 90). Physical, mechanical, thermal, and rheological attributes of the tested materials were assessed. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 (SPSS®, Chicago, IL, USA) and results were explored with one-way ANOVA. Incorporation of CNTs changed the surface morphology and topography of the PMMA specimens. No thermal changes were observed among C-, SW-, and MW-groups. Conversely, the hardness, elastic modulus and wear resistance were improved in both SW-group and MW-group. Additionally, the dynamic mechanical analyzer showed improvement in storage modulus in SW-group, affirming the load transfer capability of SW–PMMA composite. The CNT–PMMA composite might favorably be used as a potential denture base polymer.

Physical, mechanical, chemical and thermal properties of nanoscale graphene oxide-poly methylmethacrylate composites

“…Chemical characterization of the composites of a similar kind has also been made earlier without any significant difference among the tested groups. 16,37,38 The DSC curves of pure PMMA and GO-PMMA composites revealed similar exothermic regions occurring at & 300 C. 38 This insignificant effect may be regarded to the low loading of GO sheets in PMMA. However, we observed some minor enhancement in thermal degradation, Figure 7.…”

“…Chemical characterization of the composites of a similar kind has also been made earlier without any significant difference among the tested groups. 16,37,38…”

“…The DSC curves of pure PMMA and GO–PMMA composites revealed similar exothermic regions occurring at ≈ 300℃. 38 This insignificant effect may be regarded to the low loading of GO sheets in PMMA. However, we observed some minor enhancement in thermal degradation, Figure 7.…”

“…These patterns suggest typical amorphous nature of the PMMA, and the results seem consistent with the previous studies. [36][37][38] The brief peaks at 2y¼ 38 and 45 may be due to graphene layer stacking in PMMA. This is not visible in C and GO2 due to the fact that in C there was no GO, while in GO2 when performing the experiment, an area might have been selected where there were no stacked layers of GO.…”

Methyl methacrylate based copolymers and terpolymers: Preparation, identification, and plasticizing capability for a poly(methyl methacrylate) used in aviation

“…Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a glassy, transparent thermoplastic polymer with a high chemical stability, weather resistance, and transparency. It has been used in various applications, including aviation, dentistry, optical devices, membrane modification, and electronics . However, some properties of PMMA, such as its relatively low thermal stability, relatively high working temperature, poor scratch resistance, and low mechanical strength, limit its use; these properties can be improved via the introduction of copolymers with rigid and voluminous groups …”