Physical Layer Encryption for WDM Optical Communication Systems Using Private Chaotic Phase Scrambling

Zhao, Anke; Jiang, Ning; Liu, Shiqin; Zhang, Yiqun; Qiu, Kun

doi:10.1109/jlt.2021.3051407

Cited by 74 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…But when the value is greater than 3.5, the peak will go beyond the background which means that TDS can be identified. For this phenomenon, we speculate that the values of system parameters β 2 and β 3 will directly affect the coupling ratio of the two feedback signals (cos 2 (x 1 −x 3 +φ 2 ), cos 2 (x 1 + x 3 + φ 3 )) in system (1), which may affect the TDS concealment.…”

Section: Time Delay Signature Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

“…where SD is the standard deviation. Varying β i in the range of [1,7] with a fixed step size h = 0.1, Fig. 10 shows the simulation results.…”

Section: Time Delay Signature Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, varying β 2 and β 3 in the range of [1,8] with a step size h = 0.2, we map the P ACF in 2D plane (β 2 − β 3 ) as shown in Fig. 11(a).…”

Section: Time Delay Signature Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…I N the field of optical secure communication [1], [2], [3], time delayed optical chaos system has been highlighted due to its superior advantages of wide-frequency spectrum and high dynamical complexity [4], [5], [6]. Particularly, because of good stability, low cost, and large Lyapunov dimension even if only a few physical degrees of freedom are involved, time delayed electro-optic (EO) chaos system has been widely investigated and become one of the most feasible optical chaos sources [7], [8], [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

An Enhanced Electro-Optic Chaos Secure Communication System Immune to Time Delay Signature Extraction

Huang

Gao

et al. 2022

IEEE Photonics J.

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Time delay signature (TDS) is a key issue that affects the security performance of optical chaos communication. Currently, the autocorrelation function (ACF) and delayed mutual information (DMI) are two crucial methods to extract the TDS. Several strategies have been proposed to resist statistical analysis (i.e., ACF and DMI). However, a dynamic inverse modeling method has been proposed to identify TDS by utilizing the strong nonlinear inversion capability of deep learning, which brings about new threat. To resist this analysis, we propose a stratagem that one can increase the nonlinear dimensionality of the chaos system at the transmitter and concurrently reduce the dimensionality of transmitted signals, leading to "deficiency of data dimensionality". A three-dimensional chaotic system is designed as the transmitter and only one-dimensional signal is transmitted for communication. Furthermore, a hybrid receiver is designed. The nonlinear model of the response system is realized by cooperation of an analog electro-optical link and a neural network in digital domain. The architecture not only destroys the possibility of TDS extraction but also preserves all necessary information required for chaos synchronization with low-complexity implementation.

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Section: Time Delay Signature Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

“…where SD is the standard deviation. Varying β i in the range of [1,7] with a fixed step size h = 0.1, Fig. 10 shows the simulation results.…”

Section: Time Delay Signature Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, varying β 2 and β 3 in the range of [1,8] with a step size h = 0.2, we map the P ACF in 2D plane (β 2 − β 3 ) as shown in Fig. 11(a).…”

Section: Time Delay Signature Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An Enhanced Electro-Optic Chaos Secure Communication System Immune to Time Delay Signature Extraction

Huang

Gao

et al. 2022

IEEE Photonics J.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The resulting chaotic signal is sent to the receiver and decryption can only be performed by separating the chaotic carrier from the data signal at the receiver. Recently, authors in [9] have shown the chaos-based encryption at the physical layer for wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) networks, where a gaussian modulated constant-amplitude random-phase light is used to generate the chaotic signal for encryption. The same signal is required for decryption and is sent over the transmission fiber, which reduces fiber capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LPsec: a fast and secure cryptographic system for optical connections

Iqbal

Velasco

Costa³

et al. 2022

J. Opt. Commun. Netw.

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The high capacity and low latency of optical connections are ideal for supporting the current and future communication services, including 5G and beyond. Although some of those services are already secured at the packet layer using standard stream ciphers, like Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and ChaCha, secure transmission at the optical layer is still not implemented. To secure the optical layer, cryptographic methods need to be fast enough to support high-speed optical transmission and cannot introduce significant delay. Moreover, methods for key exchange, key generation and key expansion are required, which can be implemented on standard coherent transponders. In this paper, we propose Light Path SECurity (LPsec), a secure cryptographic solution for optical connections that involves fast data encryption using stream ciphers and key exchange using Diffie-Hellman (DH) protocol through the optical channel. To support encryption of high-speed data streams, a fast, general purpose Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG) is used. Moreover, to make the scheme more secure against exhaustive search attacks, an additional substitution cipher is proposed. In contrast to the limited encryption speeds that standard stream ciphers can support, LPsec can support high-speed rates. Numerical simulation for 16-QAM, 32-QAM and 64-QAM show that LPsec provides sufficient security level while introducing negligible delay only.

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Speckle‐Based Optical Cryptosystem and its Application for Human Face Recognition via Deep Learning

Zhao

et al. 2022

Advanced Science

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Face recognition has become ubiquitous for authentication or security purposes. Meanwhile, there are increasing concerns about the privacy of face images, which are sensitive biometric data and should be protected. Software-based cryptosystems are widely adopted to encrypt face images, but the security level is limited by insufficient digital secret key length or computing power. Hardware-based optical cryptosystems can generate enormously longer secret keys and enable encryption at light speed, but most reported optical methods, such as double random phase encryption, are less compatible with other systems due to system complexity. In this study, a plain yet highly efficient speckle-based optical cryptosystem is proposed and implemented. A scattering ground glass is exploited to generate physical secret keys of 17.2 gigabit length and encrypt face images via seemingly random optical speckles at light speed. Face images can then be decrypted from random speckles by a well-trained decryption neural network, such that face recognition can be realized with up to 98% accuracy. Furthermore, attack analyses are carried out to show the cryptosystem's security. Due to its high security, fast speed, and low cost, the speckle-based optical cryptosystem is suitable for practical applications and can inspire other high-security cryptosystems.

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Physical Layer Encryption for WDM Optical Communication Systems Using Private Chaotic Phase Scrambling

Cited by 74 publications

References 28 publications

An Enhanced Electro-Optic Chaos Secure Communication System Immune to Time Delay Signature Extraction

An Enhanced Electro-Optic Chaos Secure Communication System Immune to Time Delay Signature Extraction

LPsec: a fast and secure cryptographic system for optical connections

Speckle‐Based Optical Cryptosystem and its Application for Human Face Recognition via Deep Learning

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