Physical intuition of entropy generation in a mixed convective hybrid nanofluid flow with chemical reaction, cross‐diffusion, and transpiration

Abstract

Compared with methanol (pure) and blood, methanol‐ and blood‐based nanofluids are significant with numerous characteristics, including thermophysical effects and immersion rate of CO2 in tray column absorber. Blood‐based liquids show importance in biological treatments like digestion as well as breathing systems. Mixed convective conditions and suction or injection are helpful in controlling the heating or the cooling in industrial applications. Keeping this in view, we examined the physical perception of entropy generation (EG) in a mixed convective hybrid nanofluid (HBN) flow with chemical reaction, cross‐diffusion, and transpiration in a curved surface with activation energy and thermal radiation. Transformed principal equations are determined with the assistance of a fourth‐order Runge–Kutta method with a shooting technique. We obtained solutions for two different cases, that is, for hybrid (mixture of cases) (magnetite + hematite + blood) and (magnetite + hematite + methanol). Obtained results are discussed via graphs and tables. Also, we discussed the effects of the Bejan number and the EG. We found that the EG appears more conspicuously in the case of magnetite + hematite + methanol compare to magnetite + hematite + blood case. We also found that in the magnetite + hematite + methanol case the flow and heat transfer characteristics are more pronounced compared with that in the case of magnetite + hematite + blood. This helps us to choose magnetite + hematite + blood or magnetite + hematite + methanol compositions in the manufacturing industry. Furthermore, the rate of heat transfer can be enhanced up to 16.42% in the case of methanol‐based HBN while the rate of heat transfer can be enhanced up to 19.16% in the case of blood‐based HBN.

Modified Buongiorno's model for the analysis of chemically reacting jet flow of ternary hybrid nanofluid under the influence of activation energy and bio‐active mixers

“…Arif et al. [24] studied some physical feature using the hybrid nanofluid with the presence of entropy generation and cross diffusion. Zahoor et al.…”

“…Naveen et al [23] inspected hybrid nanofluid and considered the permeable medium. Arif et al [24] studied some physical feature using the hybrid nanofluid with the presence of entropy generation and cross diffusion. Zahoor et al [25] documented the mass and hydro-thermal transfer characteristics of non-homogeneous hydromagnetic combination (i.e., 40% pure water, copper oxide nano particulates and 60% ethylene glycol) over a non-permeable vertical electrostatic heated Riga plate.…”