Physical controls on copepod aggregations in the Gulf of Maine

Woods, Nicholas W.

doi:10.1575/1912/6079

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(130 reference statements)

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“…The experiments presented here and in [29] indicate that indeed the physics by itself will not compress material by several orders of magnitude-the turbulence we've invoked to bring tracer from a large area through the convergent region will, for passive tracers, also be effective at stirring it back out. If we think of turbulence as enhanced diffusivity, the exp(−φ/K ) form suggests it would lead to low densities, consistent with the way stirring acts in our simulations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…In the spring in the GOM, buoyant plumes form as a result of increased river discharge, and are often observed to propagate down the coast [12]. Woods [29] analyzed lateral convergence in a realistic numerical model of the GOM circulation and noted a period of enhanced convergence associated with buoyant plume events (see Fig. 2).…”

Section: Physical Effects In Mass Baymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Woods [29] examined the concentration using several dynamical models of buoyant plume (ROMS and a 2.5 layer model); these gave amplification factors over 5 days of order 4 compared to the model above which gives order 10-20; however, the front model with fixed structure above (the "plow", as in a snowplow with material swept into a pile which eventually escapes around the sides) can be adjusted to give a similar amplification (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Physical Effects In Mass Baymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead, the large convergences are associated with eddies and transient events such as intrusion of freshwater plumes along the coast in the spring as the river runoff peaks. As an example, [29] examined the expected enhancement of b following simulated trajectories: from…”

Section: Physical Effects In Mass Baymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Copepod Aggregations: Influences of Physics and Collective Behavior

Flierl

Woods

2014

J Stat Phys

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Dense copepod aggregations form in Massachusetts Bay and provide an important resource for right whales. We re-examine the processes which might account for the high concentrations, investigating both horizontally convergent flow, which can increase the density of depth-keeping organisms, and social behavior. We argue that the two act in concert: social behavior creates small dense patches (on the scale of a few sensing radii); physical stirring brings them together so that they merge into aggregations with larger scales; it also moves them into areas of physical convergence which retain the increasingly large patch. But the turbulence can also break this apart, suggesting that the overall high density in the convergence zone will not be uniform but will instead be composed of multiple transient patches (which are still much larger than the sensing scale).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Physical Effects In Mass Baymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Effects In Mass Baymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Effects In Mass Baymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Copepod Aggregations: Influences of Physics and Collective Behavior

Flierl

Woods

2014

J Stat Phys

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“…However, we chose to use a novel approach from G. Flierl (2014, unpublished manuscript). This approach is an extension of the work by Kraichnan (1987), and it has been successfully applied to mixing estimations in both an idealized barotropic model (Chen 2013) and a realistic regional ocean model (Woods 2013). He found that, if both $b and F i vary slowly in space, D ij is…”

Section: ) Mixing By All the Eddiesmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Contribution of Striations to the Eddy Energy Budget and Mixing: Diagnostic Frameworks and Results in a Quasigeostrophic Barotropic System with Mean Flow

Chen

Flierl

2015

Journal of Physical Oceanography

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Low-frequency oceanic motions have banded structures termed ''striations.'' Since these striations embedded in large-scale gyre flows can have large amplitudes, the authors investigated the effect of mean flow on their directions as well as their contribution to energetics and mixing using a b-plane, barotropic, quasigeostrophic ocean model. In spite of the model simplicity, striations are always found to exist regardless of the imposed barotropic mean flow. However, their properties are sensitive to the mean flow. Rhines jets move with the mean flow and are not necessarily striations. If the meridional component of the mean flow is large, Rhines jets become high-frequency motions; low-frequency striations still exist, but they are nonzonal, have small magnitudes, and contribute little to energetics and mixing. Otherwise, striations are zonal, dominated by Rhines jets, and contribute significantly to energetics and mixing. This study extends the theory of b-plane, barotropic turbulence, driven by white noise forcing at small scales, to include the effect of a constant mean flow. Theories developed in this study, based upon the Galilean invariance property, illustrate that the barotropic mean flow has no effect on total mixing rates, but does affect the energy cascades in the frequency domain. Diagnostic frameworks developed here can be useful to quantify the striations' contribution to energetics and mixing in the ocean and more realistic models. A novel diagnostic formula is applied to estimating eddy diffusivities.

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Physical controls on copepod aggregations in the Gulf of Maine

Cited by 2 publications

References 54 publications

Copepod Aggregations: Influences of Physics and Collective Behavior

Copepod Aggregations: Influences of Physics and Collective Behavior

The Contribution of Striations to the Eddy Energy Budget and Mixing: Diagnostic Frameworks and Results in a Quasigeostrophic Barotropic System with Mean Flow

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