Physical and Mechanical Properties of Jatropha curcas L. Fruits from Different Planting Densities

Yahya, Azmi; Hamdan, Khairunnisa; Ishola, Tajudeen Abiodun; Suryanto, Hadi

doi:10.3923/jas.2013.1004.1012

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The male and female flowers were on separate parts, at the ends of the flower stalks. Yahya et al (2013) reported that female flowers are thickstemmed and have hairs like cobwebs and are larger in size than male flowers. The length of Copyright © 2021 Universitas Sebelas Maret flower stalk reached 3-12 cm and each bunch contained more than 15 flowers, where the number of female flowers was 4-5 times more than male flowers.…”

Section: Morphology Of Flowermentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Hybrid Jatropha curcas L. Genotypes for Drought Tolerant Abilities as a Source of Superior Variety Characteristics

Septia

Rofidah

Arief

et al. 2021

Caraka Tani J. Sustain. Agric.

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The scarcity of fuel oil in the future needs to be anticipated by preparing alternative energy. One of the alternative energy sources developed is Jatropha. However, the development of Jatropha should use marginal land as a cultivation area, like a dry land, because the food crops and horticulture use productive land for cultivation. Furthermore, Jatropha development through breeding is an effort to obtain superior varieties as biodiesel producers. This study aimed to determine the best phenotype characteristics of hybrid Jatropha plants as superior candidate trees. This research applied a descriptive qualitative method to determine the characteristics of Jatropha crossing results. The Jatropha characterization was conducted at the experimental garden of Kedung Pengaron Village, Kejayan Sub-district, Pasuruan Regency. The experimental garden was included dry land for Jatropha cultivation. The result showed ten selected genotypes of hybrid Jatropha were found, including 05.01.01, 05.01.02, 05.02.02, 05.02.09, 05.03.17, 05.03.16, 05.04.16, 05.04.15, 06.01.02, 06.01.15. These were based on the two-phase observations, consisting of vegetative and generative observations. The plants’ morphological characters were observed, comprising the stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds. In the vegetative phase, diversity was found in the number of leaves, leaf length and age of flowering, while in the qualitative phase, the shoot colors were more diverse. Moreover, less variations were figured out in the color character of the petiole and the number of shoots. These ten genotypes of hybrid Jatropha are the best genotypes that are resistant to drought with selected agronomic characters.

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Section: Morphology Of Flowermentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Hybrid Jatropha curcas L. Genotypes for Drought Tolerant Abilities as a Source of Superior Variety Characteristics

Septia

Rofidah

Arief

et al. 2021

Caraka Tani J. Sustain. Agric.

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“…To simulate the stress of the bio-briquette fuel in practice, the mechanical indicator of Compressive strength σ (N·mm −1 ) was applied. Such an indicator did not correspond to any technical standards but is based on previously published papers about strength of products under the pressure [25][26][27][28]. Such an indicator plays an important role in the logistics of solid biofuel transportation and storage when bio-briquette fuel is stored above each other.…”

Section: Mechanical Quality Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Bio-Briquette Fuel by Using Spent Coffee Ground as an External Additive

et al. 2019

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The present study investigates the quality changes of wood bio-briquette fuel after the addition of spent coffee ground (SCG) into the initial feedstock materials (sawdust, shavings) in different mass ratios (1:1, 1:3). Analysis of SCGs fuel parameter proved great potential for energy generation by a process of direct combustion. Namely, level of calorific value (GCV = 21.58 MJ·kg −1 ), of ash content (Ac = 1.49%) and elementary composition (C = 55.49%, H = 7.07%, N = 2.38%, O = 33.41%) supports such statement. A comparison with results of initial feedstock materials exhibited better results of SCG in case of its calorific value and elementary composition. Bulk density ρ (kg·m −3 ) and mechanical durability DU (%) of bio-briquette samples from initial feedstock materials were following for sawdust: ρ = 1026.39 kg·m −3 , DU = 98.44% and shavings: ρ = 1036.53 kg·m −3 , DU = 96.70%. The level of such mechanical quality indicators changed after the addition of SCG. Specifically, SCG+sawdust mixtures achieved ρ = 1077.49 kg·m −3 and DU = 90.09%, while SCG + shavings mixtures achieved ρ = 899.44 kg·m −3 and DU = 46.50%. The addition of SCG increased wood bio-briquettes energy potential but decreased its mechanical quality. Consequently, the addition of SCG in wood bio-briquette has advantages, but its mass ratio plays an important key role.Energies 2020, 13, 54 2 of 15 economics, politics, and the trade of many developing countries. The coffee production industry, i.e., plant cultivation, cherries harvest, bean processing, product packaging, sale marketing, and final product transportation, offers job opportunities for millions of people [5].Brazil belongs to the top countries in coffee production, as well as Vietnam, Indonesia, and Colombia. Together those countries generate more than 50% of the world's coffee production. Specific statistical data provided by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and by the International Coffee Organization (ICO) related to the coffee industry in the last years are expressed in Table 1.

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“…The methodology of the last tested mechanical quality indicator, the rupture force RF, does not correspond to any mandatory technical standard. It was developed on the basis of previous scientific research focused on the pressing technology and measurement of the physical and mechanical properties of pressed items [36][37][38]. The stated methodology determined the hardness of tested bio-briquette samples, thus simulating their possible damage in practice.…”

Section: Rupture Force Rfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bamboo Fiber and Sugarcane Skin as a Bio-Briquette Fuel

2018

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The present study deals with the issue of bio-briquette fuel produced from specific agriculture residues, namely bamboo fiber (BF) and sugarcane skin (SCS). Both materials originated from Thừa Thiên Huế province in central Vietnam and were subjected to analysis of their suitability for such a purpose. A densification process using a high-pressure briquetting press proved its practicability for producing bio-briquette fuel. Analysis of fuel parameters exhibited a satisfactory level of all measured quality indicators: ash content Ac (BF—1.16%, SCS—8.62%) and net calorific value NCV (BF—16.92 MJ∙kg−1, SCS—17.23 MJ∙kg−1). Equally, mechanical quality indicators also proved satisfactory; bio-briquette samples’ mechanical durability DU occurred at an extremely high level (BF—97.80%, SCS—97.70%), as did their bulk density ρ (BF—986.37 kg·m−3, SCS—1067.08 kg·m−3). Overall evaluation of all observed results and factors influencing the investigated issue proved that both waste biomass materials, bamboo fiber and sugarcane skin, represent suitable feedstock materials for bio-briquette fuel production, and produced bio-briquette samples can be used as high-quality fuels.

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Physical and Mechanical Properties of Jatropha curcas L. Fruits from Different Planting Densities

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Screening of Hybrid Jatropha curcas L. Genotypes for Drought Tolerant Abilities as a Source of Superior Variety Characteristics

Screening of Hybrid Jatropha curcas L. Genotypes for Drought Tolerant Abilities as a Source of Superior Variety Characteristics

Valorization of Bio-Briquette Fuel by Using Spent Coffee Ground as an External Additive

Bamboo Fiber and Sugarcane Skin as a Bio-Briquette Fuel

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