Physical and engineering aspects of thermal pollution∗

Microbiology of thermally polluted environments. Technical progress report, August 1, 1973--July 31, 1974

“…Important differences between thermal effects on cold and warm water habitats 22 The potential ecological impact on natural habitats by discharge of heated waters from power plants has been well described (Krenkel and Parker, 1969). Unfortunately, most of the data upon which predictions can be made have been obtained from laboratory studies on the effect of increased temperatures on organisms.…”

“…Power plants can have quite variable effects on the temperatures of the aquatic habitats into which they discharge (Parker and Krenkel, 1969). First, the temperature of the water used for cooling can vary considerably seasonally, and may even vary diurnally to some extent.…”

Thermal loading of natural streams

“…Toward the end of 1968, the extension of thermal loading studies to natural streams was deemed urgent in view of the mounting concern about thermal pollution caused by power generation (Parker and Krenkel, 1969). At the same time, keen interest was shown in the collection of synoptic data from thermally loaded streams covering a wide range of meterologic and hydraulic conditions.…”

Prediction of heated effluent dispersion in a stream using similitude techniques

“…Those stages of dispersion that pertain to the layered discharge being studied here are a) mass trans port of the effluent by ambient currents and b) dispersion due to turbulence in the ambient fluid. The opinion is given in reference [14] that similarity of ambient turbulence cannot be achieved in a model with vertical dimension distortion.…”

“…The state-of-the-art of the engineering aspects of this subject is concisely discussed by Parker and Krenkel [14].…”