Physical and chemical attributes of soil on gully erosion in the Atlantic forest biome

Abstract

Soil is a fundamental natural resource for subsistence and development of humanity, exploited mainly for agriculture. Agricultural practices, though, are improperly performed, compromising edaphic conditions and favoring erosive processes, which mainly culminate in the loss of soil and nutrients. Water erosion represents the main form of soil degradation, given that the impact of raindrops on the soil results in the detachment of particles, a process favored by factors such as climate, relief, soil vegetation and use and occupation. The objective of the study was to classify four gullies based on their evolutionary turns and to judge the physical-chemical classifications of the soil at the internal and external faces of the gullies. The morphology of the gullies was classified by aerial images generated by drones. The gullies were mapped using Google Earth images from 2016. The qualitative assessment was performed using the digital field-elevation curvature (MDESC) model with field validation. Deformed samples were collected at depths of 0-10 and 10-20 cm, while non-deformed samples were collected at depths of 0.0-0.10 cm to evaluate their chemical and physical attributes. A nonparametric 5% Kruskal-Wallis statistical analysis was performed on the resulting data. The chemical and physical attributes of the soil differed according to the evolutionary stage of the surfaces (internal and external) at depths of 0 to 10 cm, while the faces showed differences in depth of 10 to 20 cm.

Ciências Agrárias: limites e potencialidades em pesquisa - Volume 2

“…Qualitative classification of gullies was conducted using 2016 Google Earth Pro images with a spatial resolution of 2.34 m and a digital surface model, posteriorly validated through field trips, as described by Gaia-Gomes et al (2020). Four gullies located in a same convex topography feature (pedoform) at different stages of evolutionary development were selected and classified according to Dobek et al (2011) as initial, juvenile, mature, or senile.…”

Erosão hídrica e antropogênica na formação de voçorocas na cidade de Teófilo Otoni

“…A erosão linear ocorre devido à concentração do escoamento superficial, que cria ranhuras no solo, em forma de sulcos, que evoluem para as ravinas (Santoro, 2009). Quando a erosão linear é influenciada não somente pela ação das águas superficiais, mas também pelas águas subsuperficiais, ocorre o fenômeno conhecido como voçoroca, que representa o resultado do processo erosivo que remove o solo e os seus nutrientes em um estágio muito avançado (Gomes et al, 2020).…”

Indicadores de calidad de suelos en bosques templados de la Reserva de la Biosfera los Volcanes, México

“…El reconocimiento de los mejores indicadores de calidad del suelo es tarea complicada dadas tanto su multi-funcionalidad en los ecosistemas terrestres (Doran y Parkin, 1994) como la diversidad de suelos, los usos a los que se destinan (Watt et al, 2005) y las diversas relaciones existentes entre sus diversas propiedades (Muñoz-Rojas, 2018). Reconocer la calidad del suelo es necesidad impostergable considerando que una alta calidad edáf ica mejora la productividad de ecosistemas naturales, plantaciones forestales, es fundamental para mejorar la calidad del agua y del aire y garantiza la salud humana (Kelting et al, 1999;Thomazini et al, 2015;Gaia-Gomes et al, 2020). Actualmente ya son reconocidas como indicadores de calidad del suelo algunas de sus propiedades físicas y químicas (Bautista et al, 2004;Muñoz-Rojas, 2018;Bai et al, 2020) y algunas bioquímicas como la actividad de exoenzimas hidrolasas que suelen contribuir al suministro nutrimental para la flora microbiana y la vegetación (Giacometti et al, 2013;Nguyen y Marschner, 2017).…”