Phylogeny and Stratigraphy Comparison

Abstract

Phylogenetic relationships among taxa can be estimated in a number of ways. Given known fossil records, phylogenetic estimates implicitly hypothesise the latest possible origination times of taxa. One can use these inferences as models to evaluate the quality of the fossil record. Originally, it was hoped that these metrics would obviate the need for probabilistic models. However, subsequent research shows that all these metrics are affected by the same factors affecting probabilistic models while also being highly sensitive to the accuracy of the model phylogeny. Alternatively, one can treat these inferences as hypotheses to be tested by stratigraphic distribution data. Given the sensitivity of phylogenetic inference to ideas about character evolution and levels of convergence, this offers a promising avenue for reducing untested assumptions yielding initial phylogenetic estimates. Key Concepts: Particular ideas about phylogenetic relationships have implications about both macroevolutionary models and preservation models. There are several ways to describe gaps implied by inferred phylogenies, but all reflect factors other than simple preservation rate, especially the accuracy of the phylogeny. Using stratigraphic data to test phylogenetic inferences as hypotheses might help assess the assumptions underlying phylogenetic inference.