Phylogenetic Divergence of the Entomophthoralean Fungi: Evidence from Nuclear 18S Ribosomal RNA Gene Sequences

Nagahama, Takahiko; Sato, Hirotoshi; Shimazu, Mitsuaki; Sugiyama, Junta

doi:10.2307/3760906

Cited by 60 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…2). Although our SSU data do not resolve the basal fungal relationships, our results are congruent with other phylogenetic analyses (Nagahama et al 1995;James et al 2000), which showed that the earliest diverging fungal clades were lineages of Chytridiomycota and Zygomycota, and that neither group was monophyletic.…”

Section: Relationships Within Groupssupporting

confidence: 80%

Phylogeny of Opisthokonta and the evolution of multicellularity and complexity in Fungi and Metazoa

Medina

Collins

Taylor

et al. 2003

International Journal of Astrobiology

101

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: While early eukaryotic life must have been unicellular, multicellular lifeforms evolved multiple times from protistan ancestors in diverse eukaryotic lineages. The origins of multicellularity are of special interest because they require evolutionary transitions towards increased levels of complexity. We have generated new sequence data from the nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA gene (LSU rDNA) and the SSU rDNA gene of several unicellular opisthokont protists -a nucleariid amoeba (Nuclearia simplex) and four choanoflagellates (Codosiga gracilis, Choanoeca perplexa, Proterospongia choanojuncta and Stephanoeca diplocostata) to provide the basis for re-examining relationships among several unicellular lineages and their multicellular relatives (animals and fungi). Our data indicate that: (1) choanoflagellates are a monophyletic rather than a paraphyletic assemblage that independently gave rise to animals and fungi as suggested by some authors and (2) the nucleariid filose amoebae are the likely sister group to Fungi. We also review published information regarding the origin of multicellularity in the opisthokonts.

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Section: Relationships Within Groupssupporting

confidence: 80%

Phylogeny of Opisthokonta and the evolution of multicellularity and complexity in Fungi and Metazoa

Medina

Collins

Taylor

et al. 2003

International Journal of Astrobiology

101

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“…Within the Zygomycota, the entomophthoralean fungi Basidiobolaceae is peculiar in that it possesses a centriolelike organelle with 11-12 microtubules reminiscent of kinetosomes of zoosporic fungi (McKerracher and Heath, 1985). Consistent with this ultrastructural observation, nSSU rDNA analyses suggest that Basidiobolaceae may be nested within the chytrid clade (Jensen et al, 1998;Nagahama et al, 1995). Subsequently, nSSU rDNA (James et al, 2000;Tanabe et al, 2000) analyses, including broader representatives of basal fungi, were unable to resolve the phylogenetic position of Basidiobolaceae.…”

Section: Relationships Within Zygomycotamentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Mitochondrial genome phylogeny indicates that H. curvatum is specifically related to the Monoblepharidales (Forget et al, 2002). Because these relationships result in the polyphyly of the Chytridiomycota, loss of flagella may have occurred more than twice during the evolution of Fungi, as suggested previously (Nagahama et al, 1995;Sugiyama, 1998).…”

Section: Non-monophyletic Nature Of Chytridiomycotamentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Several nSSU rDNA studies have suggested that the Glomales evolved separately from other basal fungal orders, and that it was related to even higher fungi (Bruns et al, 1992;Gehrig et al, 1996;Jensen et al, 1998;Nagahama et al, 1995;Schüßler et al, 2001). From these results, Schüßler et al (2001) revised the higher-level taxonomy of the Glomales: the Glomales (sensu Morton and Benny, 1990) was elevated to the new phylum Glomeromycota, and the four orders, the Archaeosporales, Diversisporales, Glomerales, and Paraglomales were revised or newly erected within the Glomeromycota.…”

Section: Relationships Within Zygomycotamentioning

confidence: 91%

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Evolutionary relationships among basal fungi (Chytridiomycota and Zygomycota): Insights from molecular phylogenetics

Tanabe

Watanabe

Sugiyama³

2005

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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Evolutionary relationships of the two basal fungal phyla Chytridiomycota and Zygomycota are reviewed in light of recent molecular phylogenetic investigation based on rDNA (nSSU, nLSU rDNA), entire mitochondrial genomes, and nuclear protein coding gene sequences (e.g., EF-1a a, RPB1). Accumulated molecular evidence strongly suggests that the two basal fungal phyla are not monophyletic. For example, the chytridiomycete order Blastocladiales appears to be closely related to the zygomycete order Entomophthorales. Within the Zygomycota, a monophyletic clade, consisting of the Dimargaritales, Harpellales, and Kickxellales, which is characterized by a shared unique septal ultrastructure, was identified. Moreover, evidence for the exclusion of zygomycete orders Amoebidiales and Eccrinales from the Fungi, and their placement at the Animal-Fungi boundary has been clearly documented. Microsporidia, a group of amitochondriate organisms currently under intensive study, is not supported as derived within the Fungi, but a fungal affinity cannot be ruled out. Taking these molecular phylogenetic studies into account, we proposed a hypothetical evolutionary framework of basal fungi.Key Words-Chytridiomycota; Fungi; Microsporidia; molecular phylogeny; nSSU rDNA; RPB1; Zygomycota J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 51, 267-276 (2005) Invited Review * Present address, and address reprint requests to: Dr. Junta Sugiyama, TechnoSuruga Co., Ltd. (formerly NCIMB Japan), Tokyo Office, Ogawamachi Kita Bldg. 4F, 1-8-3 Kanda Ogawamachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0052, Japan. E-mail: jsugiyam@tecsrg.co.jp basal fungal phyla as suggested by accumulating molecular phylogenetic studies, especially emphasizing supra-ordinal relationships. Non-monophyletic nature of ChytridiomycotaCurrently, the Chytridiomycota contains five orders: the Blastocladiales, Chytridiales, Neocallimastigales, Monoblepharidales, and Spizellomycetales (Hawksworth et al., 1995). This classification scheme is based primarily on zoospore ultrastructure (Barr, 1990). Results of molecular phylogenetic analyses of rDNA sequences suggest that the Spizellomycetales, Neocallimastigales, and Monoblepharidales are monophyletic (James et al., 2000;Li and Heath, 1992), supporting the validity of the proposed chytrid higher-level taxonomy. The Chytridiales, however, appears to be polyphyletic as are some chytrid genera (e.g., Rhizophydium; James et al., 2000). rDNA analyses, however, have not resolved the interordinal relationships of the Chytridiomycota, which might be due to the lack of phylogenetic signal within rDNA sequences (James et al., 2000). Although taxon sampling has been limited, analysis of complete mitochondrial genome sequences has provided a clearer framework of chytridiomycete phylogeny. This analysis suggests that the Monoblepharidales branched earlier than a well-supported Chytridiales-Spizellomycetales lineage (Bullerwell et al., 2003a). In the mtDNA analysis, the phylogenetic position of the Blastocladiales is not statistically re- Barr (1980) a This classification sche...

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“…These groups have long been recognized to be polyphyletic, based on analyses of rRNA, tef1, and rpb1 (James et al 2000;Nagahama et al 1995;Tanabe et al 2004Tanabe et al , 2005. The recent multilocus analyses of James et al (2006) and others now provide the sampling, resolution, and support necessary to structure new classifications of these early-diverging groups, although significant questions remain.…”

Section: Overview Of the Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi

Hibbett¹,

Binder²,

Bischoff³

et al. 2007

Mycological Research

1,973

1,178

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The most dramatic shifts in the classification relative to previous works concern the groups that have traditionally been included in the Chytridiomycota and Zygomycota. The Chytridiomycota is retained in a restricted sense, with Blastocladiomycota and Neocallimastigomycota representing segregate phyla of flagellated Fungi. Taxa traditionally placed in Zygomycota are distributed among Glomeromycota and several subphyla incertae sedis, including Mucoromycotina, Entomophthoromycotina, Kickxellomycotina, and Zoopagomycotina. Microsporidia are included in the Fungi, but no further subdivision of the group is proposed. Several genera of 'basal' Fungi of uncertain position are not placed in any higher taxa, including Basidiobolus, Caulochytrium, Olpidium, and Rozella.

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Phylogenetic Divergence of the Entomophthoralean Fungi: Evidence from Nuclear 18S Ribosomal RNA Gene Sequences

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

Phylogeny of Opisthokonta and the evolution of multicellularity and complexity in Fungi and Metazoa

Phylogeny of Opisthokonta and the evolution of multicellularity and complexity in Fungi and Metazoa

Evolutionary relationships among basal fungi (Chytridiomycota and Zygomycota): Insights from molecular phylogenetics

A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi

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