Phylogenetic Analysis of Montane Grasshoppers from Western North America (Genus <I>Melanoplus,</I> Acrididae: Melanoplinae)

Genealogical portraits of speciation in montane grasshoppers (genusMelanoplus) from the sky islands of the Rocky Mountains

“…It has previously been shown that the Melanoplus species inhabiting the`sky islands' of the northern Rocky Mountains originated during the Pleistocene (Knowles 1999(Knowles , 2000aKnowles & Otte 1999). Despite their recent origins, many of the species exhibit monophyletic gene trees (table 1; this study) suggesting that they may have experienced a bottleneck at speciation.…”

Body size-independent safety margins for gas exchange across grasshopper species

“…Therefore, we created a tree (animals identified by an asterisk in Table·1) from previously published works and from taxonomy. For relationships between family, subfamily and tribe, we used Otte and Nasrecki (Otte and Nasrecki, 1997), and for species relationships we used published molecular studies (Chapco et al, 1997;Chapco et al, 1999;Knowles and Otte, 2000). Then, we counted the number of branches at the level of family, subfamily, tribe, genus and species between each species pair as a measure of the distance between species (Fagan et al, 2002;Woods et al, 2004).…”

Estimating a Geographically Explicit Model of Population Divergence

“…Here we investigate divergence in a geographically subdivided species, and specifically, confront the challenge of estimating a model of population divergence that incorporates information on historical-population associations in montane grasshoppers-a group for which geography has played an important role during their Pleistocene radiation (Knowles and Otte 2000;Knowles 2000Knowles , 2001a. The species of Melanoplus that inhabit the sky islands of the northern Rocky Mountains are currently isolated in montane meadows of different mountain ranges (Fig.…”