Phylogenetic analysis of infectious bronchitis virus circulating in southern China in 2016–2017 and evaluation of an attenuated strain as a vaccine candidate

Abstract

Avian infectious bronchitis (IB) is a highly contagious viral respiratory disease, caused by infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), that poses an important economic threat to the poultry industry. In recent years, genotypes GI-7, GI-13, and GI-19 have been the most prevalent IBV strains in China. However, in this study, we found that most IBV strains from southern China in 2016-2017 belonged to genotype GVI-1. This genotype, for which there is no vaccine, has been reported sporadically in the region. The GDTS13 strain, which caused severe IB outbreaks on the farms where it was isolated, was evaluated as a candidate vaccine strain. GDTS13 was serially passaged in specific-pathogen-free embryonated chicken eggs for 100 generations to produce GDTS13-F100. Safety testing indicated that GDTS13-F100 had no pathogenic effect on chickens. Additionally, GDTS13-F100 showed an excellent protective effect against GDTS13, with no clinical signs or virus shedding observed in immunized chickens challenged with the parent strain. These findings indicate that GVI-1 has become the most prevalent IBV genotype in southern China and that GDTS13-F100 may serve as an attenuated vaccine to protect against infection with this genotype.

Circulation of three genotypes and identification of unique mutations in neutralizing epitopes of infectious bronchitis virus in chickens in Bangladesh

“…The GI-1 and GI-12 lineages representing the old Massachusetts (Mass) and 793B lineages, respectively, have been found in all IB-endemic countries, while other lineages are found only in specific parts of the world. The 4/91-like and QX-like IBV strains belong to lineage GI-13 and GI-19, respectively, whereas the Israeli variant II and Egyptian variants I and II belong to the GI-23 lineage [ 14 , 37 ]. IBV variants of the GI-23 lineage circulate in the Middle East and continue to spread in many countries in Africa, Asia, and Europe [ 24 ].…”

Infectious Bronchitis Virus Infection Increases Pathogenicity of H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus by Inducing Severe Inflammatory Response

“…The current epidemic H9N2 AIV (A/chicken/ Hunan/HN/2015) belonged to the h9.4.2.5 lineage, as described previously ( 34 ). The IBV belonged to the QX-like genotype, TJ401, as described previously ( 35 ). Both viruses were propagated in 10-day-old SPF chicken embryos and stored at −80°C for further analysis.…”

“…The IBV belonged to the QX-like genotype, TJ401, as described previously (35). Both viruses were propagated in 10-day-old SPF chicken embryos and stored at −80 • C for further analysis.…”

Long noncoding RNAs in respiratory viruses: A review

“…89,90 IBV is a contagious avian coronavirus that can infect respiratory tract of chicken and in poultry industry is a major problem. 91 Zhang et al 92 showed that chicken MBL by the interaction to S1 spike protein of IBV plays a role in innate and the adaptive immune response. In avian bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) infected with IBV, levels of two lncRNAs MANBAL and POMT2 were downregulated.…”