Photothermal therapies to improve immune checkpoint blockade for cancer

Balakrishnan, Preethi Bala; Sweeney, Elizabeth E.; Ramanujam, Anvitha S; Fernandes, Rohan

doi:10.1080/02656736.2020.1797190

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…This process may be carried out by phagocytosis, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity using immune cell effectors such as natural killers, complement mediated cytotoxicity, or by inhibiting the checkpoint escape (inactivation of T cell inhibitory receptors). Tumor cells bind through PD-L1 to PD-1 receptors of T cells to inhibit immune response that would destroy malignant proliferation; hence, the binding of mAbs to PD1 and PD-L1 blocks this inhibition [ 14 ]. Moreover, carcinogenic cells may be specifically targeted by vascular and stromal cell ablation by precise toxin delivery, inhibition of agonists in the vasculature, or specific stromal cell inhibition.…”

Section: Monoclonal Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monoclonal Antibodies for Chronic Pain Treatment: Present and Future

Sánchez¹,

Girón²,

Paniagua³

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Chronic pain remains a major problem worldwide, despite the availability of various non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment options. Therefore, new analgesics with novel mechanisms of action are needed. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are directed against specific, targeted molecules involved in pain signaling and processing pathways that look to be very effective and promising as a novel therapy in pain management. Thus, there are mAbs against tumor necrosis factor (TNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), or interleukin-6 (IL-6), among others, which are already recommended in the treatment of chronic pain conditions such as osteoarthritis, chronic lower back pain, migraine, or rheumatoid arthritis that are under preclinical research. This narrative review summarizes the preclinical and clinical evidence supporting the use of these agents in the treatment of chronic pain.

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Section: Monoclonal Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monoclonal Antibodies for Chronic Pain Treatment: Present and Future

Sánchez¹,

Girón²,

Paniagua³

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…Photothermal therapy (PTT), a non-invasive, local treatment modality for cancer, utilizes a combination of light-absorbing photothermal agents (PTAs) and their wavelength-matched light or laser source to generate heat, which results in the thermal ablation of tumors, causing cell death [ 116 , 117 ]. Similar to photosensitizers (PS), during PDT, PTAs absorb energy from incoming photons and undergo a transformation from an electronic ground state to an excited state.…”

Section: Photothermal Therapy (Ptt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immune responses under normal physiological conditions are regulated by checkpoint receptors expressed on the surface of immune cells to maintain immune homeostasis and prevent autoimmunity. Photothermal therapy for cancer as a monotherapy is often insufficient to completely inhibit primary tumor growth, or to prevent distant metastasis; therefore, ICI together with PTT has been explored as a combination immunomodulatory approach for the treatment of tumors refractory to either PTT or ICI alone, in several preclinical studies [ 13 , 14 , 117 , 143 ]. A combination of PTT and ICI using antibodies against PD1/PDL1 and CTLA4 has been used in preclinical studies and shows significant improvement in therapeutic efficacies [ 14 , 117 , 144 ].…”

Section: Photothermal Therapy (Ptt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Photothermal therapy for cancer as a monotherapy is often insufficient to completely inhibit primary tumor growth, or to prevent distant metastasis; therefore, ICI together with PTT has been explored as a combination immunomodulatory approach for the treatment of tumors refractory to either PTT or ICI alone, in several preclinical studies [ 13 , 14 , 117 , 143 ]. A combination of PTT and ICI using antibodies against PD1/PDL1 and CTLA4 has been used in preclinical studies and shows significant improvement in therapeutic efficacies [ 14 , 117 , 144 ]. For example, Liu et al, using gold nanostar (GNS)-mediated PTT combined with an anti-PDL1 antibody, treated MB49 murine bladder cancer model and showed the complete clearance of primary tumors, along with distant untreated tumors (an abscopal effect) [ 145 ].…”

Section: Photothermal Therapy (Ptt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current Prospects for Treatment of Solid Tumors via Photodynamic, Photothermal, or Ionizing Radiation Therapies Combined with Immune Checkpoint Inhibition (A Review)

et al. 2021

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) causes selective damage to tumor cells and vasculature and also triggers an anti-tumor immune response. The latter fact has prompted the exploration of PDT as an immune-stimulatory adjuvant. PDT is not the only cancer treatment that relies on electromagnetic energy to destroy cancer tissue. Ionizing radiation therapy (RT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) are two other treatment modalities that employ photons (with wavelengths either shorter or longer than PDT, respectively) and also cause tissue damage and immunomodulation. Research on the three modalities has occurred in different “silos”, with minimal interaction between the three topics. This is happening at a time when immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI), another focus of intense research and clinical development, has opened exciting possibilities for combining PDT, PTT, or RT with ICI to achieve improved therapeutic benefits. In this review, we surveyed the literature for studies that describe changes in anti-tumor immunity following the administration of PDT, PTT, and RT, including efforts to combine each modality with ICI. This information, collected all in one place, may make it easier to recognize similarities and differences and help to identify new mechanistic hypotheses toward the goal of achieving optimized combinations and tumor cures.

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“…Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are monoclonal antibodies that can suppress the inhibitory pathway such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and the PD-1/PD-L1 axis [128]. ICIs can reverse immune suppression by binding to either the immune checkpoint molecule such as cytotoxic CTLA-4 and PD-1 or the immune checkpoint ligand such as PD-L1 [129]. Nivolumab is a type of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor that have been approved by FDA for the treatment of metastatic melanoma [130].…”

Section: Checkpoint Inhibitors Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Black Phosphorus, an Emerging Versatile Nanoplatform for Cancer Immunotherapy

et al. 2021

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Black phosphorus (BP) is one of the emerging versatile nanomaterials with outstanding biocompatibility and biodegradability, exhibiting great potential as a promising inorganic nanomaterial in the biomedical field. BP nanomaterials possess excellent ability for valid bio-conjugation and molecular loading in anticancer therapy. Generally, BP nanomaterials can be classified into BP nanosheets (BPNSs) and BP quantum dots (BPQDs), both of which can be synthesized through various preparation routes. In addition, BP nanomaterials can be applied as photothermal agents (PTA) for the photothermal therapy (PTT) due to their high photothermal conversion efficiency and larger extinction coefficients. The generated local hyperpyrexia leads to thermal elimination of tumor. Besides, BP nanomaterials are capable of producing singlet oxygen, which enable its application as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Moreover, BP nanomaterials can be oxidized and degraded to nontoxic phosphonates and phosphate under physiological conditions, improving their safety as a nano drug carrier in cancer therapy. Recently, it has been reported that BP-based PTT is capable of activating immune responses and alleviating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by detection of T lymphocytes and various immunocytokines, indicating that BP-based nanocomposites not only serve as effective PTAs to ablate large solid tumors but also function as an immunomodulation agent to eliminate discrete tumorlets. Therefore, BP-mediated immunotherapy would provide more possibilities for synergistic cancer treatment.

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Photothermal therapies to improve immune checkpoint blockade for cancer

Cited by 28 publications

References 134 publications

Monoclonal Antibodies for Chronic Pain Treatment: Present and Future

Monoclonal Antibodies for Chronic Pain Treatment: Present and Future

Current Prospects for Treatment of Solid Tumors via Photodynamic, Photothermal, or Ionizing Radiation Therapies Combined with Immune Checkpoint Inhibition (A Review)

Black Phosphorus, an Emerging Versatile Nanoplatform for Cancer Immunotherapy

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