Photosynthetic Endosymbionts Benefit from Host’s Phagotrophy, Including Predation on Potential Competitors

Iwai, Sosuke; Fujita, Katsushi; Takanishi, Yuuki; Fukushi, Kota

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.07.074

Cited by 16 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This, together with our finding that hosts can benefit across contexts, points to a relationship of mutual benefit in this symbiosis. Our results also fit with other findings of competitive benefits for symbionts (Iwai, 2019). Other benefits of symbiosis for Paraburkholderia remain to be tested.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Our finding that symbionts benefit from reduced competition when dispersed to food-poor environments fits in with other findings of competitive benefits for symbionts (Iwai 2019). Competition between symbionts and food bacteria may also be the cause of context-dependent effects of symbiont density on host spore production.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Context-dependence, where the environment can change the sign or magnitude of one partner’s effect on the other, is common in symbioses (Bronstein, 1994; Thompson, 1994; Chamberlain et al ., 2014). These context-dependent effects on partners can be crucial to understanding the nature of symbiotic interactions (Keeling & McCutcheon, 2017; Iwai, 2019). For example, in the symbioses between Paramecium bursaria hosts and their Chlorella endosymbionts, hosts benefitted from symbiosis in light environments, but were harmed in the dark.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Context-dependence in the symbiosis between Dictyostelium discoideum and Paraburkholderia

Scott

Queller

Strassmann

2021

Preprint

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Symbiotic interactions change with environmental context. We investigated context-dependence and bet-hedging in the symbiosis between social amoeba hosts and Paraburkholderia bacteria, where the context is the abundance of host food bacteria. Paraburkholderia have been shown to harm hosts dispersed to food-rich environments, but aid hosts dispersed to food-poor environments by allowing hosts to carry food bacteria. Through measuring symbiont density and host spore production, we show that this food context matters in three other ways. First, it matters for symbionts, who suffer a greater cost from competition with food bacteria in the food-rich context. Second, it matters for host-symbiont conflict, changing how symbiont density negatively impacts host spore production. Third, data-based simulations show in some cases this context-dependence can lead to a symbiont-induced bet-hedging advantage for hosts. These results show how food context can have many consequences for the Dictyostelium-Paraburkholderia symbiosis and suggest that symbionts can induce bet-hedging in hosts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Context-dependence in the symbiosis between Dictyostelium discoideum and Paraburkholderia

Scott

Queller

Strassmann

2021

Preprint

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“…Context dependence, where the environment can change the sign or magnitude of one partner's effect on the other, is common in symbioses (Bronstein 1994;Thompson 1994;Chamberlain et al 2014). These context-dependent effects on partners can be crucial to understanding the nature of symbiotic interactions (Keeling and McCutcheon 2017;Iwai 2019). For example, in the symbioses between Paramecium bursaria hosts and their Chlorella endosymbionts, hosts benefitted from symbiosis in light environments, but were harmed in the dark.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Context dependence in the symbiosis betweenDictyostelium discoideumandParaburkholderia

2022

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Symbiotic interactions change with environmental context. Measuring these context‐dependent effects in hosts and symbionts is critical to determining the nature of symbiotic interactions. We investigated context dependence in the symbiosis between social amoeba hosts and their inedible Paraburkholderia bacterial symbionts, where the context is the abundance of host food bacteria. Paraburkholderia have been shown to harm hosts dispersed to food‐rich environments, but aid hosts dispersed to food‐poor environments by allowing hosts to carry food bacteria. Through measuring symbiont density and host spore production, we show that this food context matters in three other ways. First, it matters for symbionts, who suffer a greater cost from competition with food bacteria in the food‐rich context. Second, it matters for host‐symbiont conflict, changing how symbiont density negatively impacts host spore production. Third, data‐based simulations show that symbiosis often provides a long‐term fitness advantage for hosts after rounds of growth and dispersal in variable food contexts, especially when conditions are harsh with little food. These results show how food context can have many consequences for the Dictyostelium‐Paraburkholderia symbiosis and that both sides can frequently benefit.

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“…Symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi benefit plant hosts by increasing the efficiency of nutrient acquisition in exchange for carbohydrates (Marschner and Dell, 1994). Similarly, planktonic ciliates, such as Paramecium bursaria, host algae in exchange for photosynthates (Stoecker et al, 2009;Iwai et al, 2019). Symbiotic relationships, such as mutualisms that benefit the two organisms involved in the symbiosis, can also have important implications for community dynamics by promoting diversity, population stability (Pachepsky et al, 2002;Mougi and Kondoh, 2012), and even co-evolution (Guimarães et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Symbiosis Facilitates Species Coexistence and Generates Light-Dependent Priority Effects

Hsu

Moeller

2021

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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Metabolic symbiosis is a form of symbiosis in which organisms exchange metabolites, typically for mutual benefit. For example, acquired phototrophs like Paramecium bursaria obtain photosynthate from endosymbiotic green algae called Chlorella. In addition to facilitating the persistence of P. bursaria by providing a carbon source that supplements P. bursaria’s heterotrophic digestion of bacteria, symbiotic Chlorella may impact competitive interactions between P. bursaria and other bacterivores, with cascading effects on community composition and overall diversity. Here, we tested the effects of metabolic symbiosis on coexistence by assessing the impacts of acquired phototrophy on priority effects, or the effect of species arrival order on species interactions, between P. bursaria and its competitor Colpidium. Our results suggest light-dependent priority effects. The acquired phototroph benefited from metabolic symbiosis during sequential arrival of each organism in competition, and led to increased growth of late-arriving Colpidium. These findings demonstrate that understanding the consequences of priority effects for species coexistence requires consideration of metabolic symbiosis.

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Photosynthetic Endosymbionts Benefit from Host’s Phagotrophy, Including Predation on Potential Competitors

Cited by 16 publications

References 48 publications

Context-dependence in the symbiosis between Dictyostelium discoideum and Paraburkholderia

Context-dependence in the symbiosis between Dictyostelium discoideum and Paraburkholderia

Context dependence in the symbiosis betweenDictyostelium discoideumandParaburkholderia

Metabolic Symbiosis Facilitates Species Coexistence and Generates Light-Dependent Priority Effects

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