Photoreactive bioorthogonal lipid probes and their applications in mammalian biology

Shanbhag, Karthik; Sharma, Kavita; Kamat, Siddhesh S.

doi:10.1039/d2cb00174h

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Over the past two decades, chemical proteomics coupled to bioorthogonal reactions has emerged as a powerful functional proteomic strategy to discover protein targets of endogenous ligands and drug candidates in physiological settings and, by doing so, has significantly accelerated our mechanistic knowledge of numerous biological pathways. − Of note, more recently, the development of chemical proteomics platforms using bioorthogonal photoreactive lipid probes has greatly facilitated our understanding of lipid–protein interactions, especially for various signaling lipids (Figure ). − Leveraging such a chemical proteomics strategy by developing bioorthogonal photoreactive lyso-PS probes will go a long way in the identification of protein targets of lyso-PS in various mammalian cells and tissues.…”

Section: Key Emerging Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lysophosphatidylserine: A Signaling Lipid with Implications in Human Diseases

Chakraborty,

Kamat

2024

Chem. Rev.

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Lysophosphatidylserine (lyso-PS) has emerged as yet another important signaling lysophospholipid in mammals, and deregulation in its metabolism has been directly linked to an array of human autoimmune and neurological disorders. It has an indispensable role in several biological processes in humans, and therefore, cellular concentrations of lyso-PS are tightly regulated to ensure optimal signaling and functioning in physiological settings. Given its biological importance, the past two decades have seen an explosion in the available literature toward our understanding of diverse aspects of lyso-PS metabolism and signaling and its association with human diseases. In this Review, we aim to comprehensively summarize different aspects of lyso-PS, such as its structure, biodistribution, chemical synthesis, and SAR studies with some synthetic analogs. From a biochemical perspective, we provide an exhaustive coverage of the diverse biological activities modulated by lyso-PSs, such as its metabolism and the receptors that respond to them in humans. We also briefly discuss the human diseases associated with aberrant lyso-PS metabolism and signaling and posit some future directions that may advance our understanding of lyso-PS-mediated mammalian physiology.

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Section: Key Emerging Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lysophosphatidylserine: A Signaling Lipid with Implications in Human Diseases

Chakraborty,

Kamat

2024

Chem. Rev.

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“…Unfortunately, we lack practical experience with this approach and, therefore, have had to rely on multiple reviews. Fortunately, these reviews cover specifics for both proteins [87][88][89][90][91] and lipids [92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102]. Additionally, we point to studies that have successfully used noncanonical amino acids for proteins [103,104], and other bio-orthogonal precursors for lipids [105][106][107], carbohydrates [108,109] and fatty acids [98] as models to use in developing protocols for identifying synthetic sites and following movements during PNS and CNS myelination.…”

Section: Novel Approaches To Identify Sites Where Myelinating Cells S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recognizing the Beauty of Myelination through Identifying Sites of Phospholipid, Protein, and RNA Syntheses and Characterizing Their Movements in Myelin Internodes

Gould,

Gow

2024

Preprint

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We used light, electron microscope and teased fiber autoradiography to show that myelinating Schwann cells synthesize phospholipids and proteins in perinuclear cytoplasm and superficial cytoplasmic channels or Cajal bands (SCC/CB). Neither phospholipid nor protein syntheses occur in paranodal loops, Schmidt-Lanterman incisures or adaxonal cytoplasm. Autoradiographic studies also show that in support of local protein synthesis, RNAs move from the nucleus into perinuclear cytoplasm and out along SCC/CB. Unlike other phospholipids, phosphatidylinositol synthesis occurs extensively in axons. This finding indicates differences in the distributions of phospholipid synthesizing enzymes in smooth endoplasmic reticulum of Schwann cell processes and axoplasm.Autoradiographs of nerves at longer survival times show that tritiated phosphatidylcholine and fucose-labeled glycoproteins move from synthetic sites to outermost myelin lamellae. From there, phosphatidylcholine spreads inward reaching innermost lamellae of thicker sheaths in days. Coupled with retention of fucose glycoproteins in outer myelin lamellae is the presence of fucose glycoprotein synthesized during early myelination in inner lamellae of thicker sheaths, a result consistent with growth of myelin sheaths from inner lamellae out. In this review, we revisit these studies because they provide temporal and spatial perspectives needed in understanding dynamic aspects of myelinogenesis and how myelinating cells respond to injury and from altered gene expression.

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Bioorthogonal Reactions in Bioimaging

Kozma,

Kele

2024

Top Curr Chem (Z)

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Visualization of biomolecules in their native environment or imaging-aided understanding of more complex biomolecular processes are one of the focus areas of chemical biology research, which requires selective, often site-specific labeling of targets. This challenging task is effectively addressed by bioorthogonal chemistry tools in combination with advanced synthetic biology methods. Today, the smart combination of the elements of the bioorthogonal toolbox allows selective installation of multiple markers to selected targets, enabling multicolor or multimodal imaging of biomolecules. Furthermore, recent developments in bioorthogonally applicable probe design that meet the growing demands of superresolution microscopy enable more complex questions to be addressed. These novel, advanced probes enable highly sensitive, low-background, single- or multiphoton imaging of biological species and events in live organisms at resolutions comparable to the size of the biomolecule of interest. Herein, the latest developments in bioorthogonal fluorescent probe design and labeling schemes will be discussed in the context of in cellulo/in vivo (multicolor and/or superresolved) imaging schemes. The second part focuses on the importance of genetically engineered minimal bioorthogonal tags, with a particular interest in site-specific protein tagging applications to answer biological questions.

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Photoreactive bioorthogonal lipid probes and their applications in mammalian biology

Abstract: This review summarizes the recent advances in the development of photoreactive bioorthogonal lipid probes, and the use of these lipid probes in mapping diverse biological pathways in mammalian cells using emerging chemoproteomic approaches.

Cited by 4 publications

References 94 publications

Lysophosphatidylserine: A Signaling Lipid with Implications in Human Diseases

Lysophosphatidylserine: A Signaling Lipid with Implications in Human Diseases

Recognizing the Beauty of Myelination through Identifying Sites of Phospholipid, Protein, and RNA Syntheses and Characterizing Their Movements in Myelin Internodes

Bioorthogonal Reactions in Bioimaging

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