Photoperiodic induction of diapause: opening the black box

Saunders, D. S.; Lewis, R.D.; Warman, Guy R.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3032.2004.0369.x

Cited by 87 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(106 reference statements)

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“…In the present study, one broad trough of diapause inhibition was found with a 1-h light pulse at L9:D15 and L12:D12 in O. furnacalis. These results suggest that photoperiodic time measurement for diapause induction in O. furnacalis resembles an hourglass-like timer (according to Veerman, 2001) or a damped circadian oscillator (according to Saunders et al, 2004). The above-mentioned results suggest that insect species may have developed clock systems with completely different evolutionary origins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Photoperiodism of diapause induction and diapause termination in Ostrinia furnacalis

Yang

Xia

et al. 2014

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guen ee) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), enters facultative diapause as fully grown larva in response to short-day conditions during the autumn. Photoperiodic response curves showed a stable critical daylength of ca. 13.5 h at 25, 28, and 30°C, which is nearly identical with the critical daylength between 13 h 22 min and 13 h 27 min in the field. The incidence of diapause obviously declined during ultra-long nights (14-22 h scotophases) and DD (i.e., constant darkness). The required day number (RDN) for a 50% response differed significantly between short-and long-night cycles at different temperatures, indicating that the effect of one short night was equivalent to the effect of three long nights at 25 and 28°C. The third instar was the stage most sensitive to the photoperiod. Night-interruption experiments with a 1-h light pulse at L9:D15 and L12:D12 exhibited a broad trough of diapause inhibition. In experiments using non-24-h light-dark cycles, only the cycles containing a long night of 12 h resulted in high incidence of diapause, regardless of the duration of the accompanying light period, indicating that the duration of the dark period was of greater importance than that of the light period. The Nanda-Hamner and B€ unsow experiments in O. furnacalis did not show any rhythmic fluctuations with a period of ca. 24 h in their photoperiodic response curves; the incidence of diapause was low when the scotophase length exceeded 16 h. The rearing daylengths of 11 and 12 h evoked a greater intensity of diapause than did 13 h at 25 and 28°C. By transferring naturally overwintering larvae from natural conditions to a short photoperiod of L12:D12 or a long photoperiod of L15:D9 combined with 25°C, photoperiod appeared to have a significant influence on diapause development during the early phase of diapause. Field observations for 2 years revealed that pupation and adult emergence of overwintering individuals (50% responses) occurred in early May and mid-May, respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Photoperiodism of diapause induction and diapause termination in Ostrinia furnacalis

Yang

Xia

et al. 2014

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…In most cases, light is the primary cue, and the seasonal change in day length is monitored by a so-called "photoperiodic clock" (Bradshaw and Holzapfel 2010). Despite intensive study of the photoperiodic clock for the last 80 years at the phenomenological level, the "black box" approach has provided almost no information about the underlying molecular mechanisms (Saunders et al 2004). This is in marked contrast to our level of understanding of the circadian clock that regulates daily rhythms, in which studies in various model organisms have led to the discovery of general principles and a detailed understanding of the underlying molecules, which are highly conserved across diverse phyla (Hogenesch and Ueda 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

DNA methylation changes induced by long and short photoperiods inNasonia

et al. 2015

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Many organisms monitor the annual change in day length and use this information for the timing of their seasonal response. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying photoperiodic timing are largely unknown. The wasp Nasonia vitripennis is an emerging model organism that exhibits a strong photoperiodic response: Short autumnal days experienced by females lead to the induction of developmental arrest (diapause) in their progeny, allowing winter survival of the larvae. How female Nasonia control the developmental trajectory of their offspring is unclear. Here, we took advantage of the recent discovery that DNA methylation is pervasive in Nasonia and tested its role in photoperiodism. We used reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) to profile DNA methylation in adult female wasps subjected to different photoperiods and identified substantial differential methylation at the single base level. We also show that knocking down DNA methyltransferase 1a (Dnmt1a), Dnmt3, or blocking DNA methylation pharmacologically, largely disrupts the photoperiodic diapause response of the wasps. To our knowledge, this is the first example for a role of DNA methylation in insect photoperiodic timing.

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“…Bauer, C. Dziallas, D. Baganz, and G. Staaks, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, personal communication). However, studies of the effects of endogenous clocks on ventilation activity and bioirrigation-mediated benthic fluxes, especially in freshwater sediments, are scarce (Saunders et al 2004). Pumping rates are commonly determined under laboratory conditions without …”

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confidence: 99%