Photoelectron spectroscopy of germanium-fluorine binary cluster anions: the HOMO-LUMO gap estimation of Ge clusters

Geometric structures and electron affinities of chlorine-doped silicon clusters

“…On the other hand, Si n Cl clusters at n 4 have a particularly low EA ad value, below 2.41 eV, which strongly reflects the antibonding nature between Cl and Si in the HOMO of Si n Cl À . Compared with Si n F/Si n F À [16,20], the EA ad of Si n Cl clusters is larger, which indicates that the Si n F À anion is more stable than the Si n Cl À cluster. The reduced stability from fluorides to chlorides may be due to the larger covalent radius of chlorine.…”

“…Numerous experiments have been devoted to investigating the structures and stability of IV-VII mixed clusters. Negishi et al [16][17][18] have produced Si n F À m , Ge n F À m and Ge n Cl À m binary clusters using photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) with a magnetic-bottle-type electron spectrometer, and electron affinities are reported. C n Cl, C n Cl À , and C n Cl þ clusters have been studied theoretically [19] at the B3LYP/ 6-311G(d) level, and a systematic investigation of Si n F À and Si n F (n ¼ 1-7) clusters has been carried out [20] using ab initio MO methods.…”

Gas‐Phase Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry ofGe‐,Sn‐ andPb‐Containing Compounds

“…This technique has been used to determine the electron affinity of Ge (1.233 ± 0.003 eV) and Sn (1.113 ± 0.020 eV) 187 and of gas-phase germanium clusters 188,189 .…”

Cationic germanium fluorides

“…With particular regard to the charged species, the structure, stability, and thermochemistry of GeF n − (n = 1-5) have been systematically investigated by density functional methods [5], and discussed in connection with previous related experimental and theoretical data [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. As for cationic germanium fluorides, experimental and theoretical studies [8,20] indicate that, in the ground state, GeF 4 + is unstable and prone to dissociate into GeF 3 + and atomic fluorine.…”