Photochemical formation of particulate dicarboxylic acids under long-range transport in central Japan

Satsumabayashi, Hikaru; Kurita, Hidemi; Yokouchi, Yoko; Ueda, Hiromasa

doi:10.1016/0960-1686(90)90053-p

Cited by 129 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Photochemical production of LMW diacids has also been supported by a polar sunrise experiment in the Arctic, where concentrations of diacids increased by a factor of 5-20 from the dark winter to light spring (Kawamura et al, 1996a). Although diurnal variations of some diacids have been reported in the suburban atmosphere (Satsumabayashi et al, 1990), previous studies employing methyl ester derivatization failed to detect oxalic acid quantitatively. Methyl ester of oxalic acid is volatile enough to be lost by evaporation during the analytical protocol used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Diurnal changes in the distribution of dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids and dicarbonyls in the urban Tokyo atmosphere

Kawamura

Yasui

2005

Atmospheric Environment

336

307

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Secondary organic aerosol in the urban atmosphere is an important issue from a viewpoint of not only air pollution but also regional and global atmospheric environment. To better understand the production of water-soluble organic aerosols, we analyzed atmospheric particles collected in time-series in Tokyo for dicarboxylic acids (C2-C10), ketocarboxylic acids (C2-C4) and a-dicarbonyls (C2-C3) using a GC and GC/MS. Here, we report, for the first time, diurnal distributions of dicarboxylic acids, ketoacids and dicarbonys in the urban atmosphere. Oxalic acid was found as the most abundant species, followed by malonic, succinic, pyruvic and glyoxylic acids. Total diacids showed a concentration maximum in daytime (11-14 h) with a dynamic change in their molecular composition especially in summer samples. Relative abundances of unsaturated (maleic, methylmaleic and phthalic) and some saturated (methylsuccinic and adipic) species increased in the morning (8-11 h) whereas those of oxalic acid decreased down to 35 % in 8-11 h but increased up to 58 % toward 17-20 h. The diurnal variations are interpreted by photochemical production of diacids, where unsaturated and some saturated species are preferentially generated early in the morning via photo-oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons and cyclic olefins and further oxidized to oxalic acid in the afternoon

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Diurnal changes in the distribution of dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids and dicarbonyls in the urban Tokyo atmosphere

Kawamura

Yasui

2005

Atmospheric Environment

336

307

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“…Among them, the oxalic acid has been the main species, followed by succinic and malonic acids. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Mono-and di-carboxylic acids are important groups of organic compounds identified in the atmospheric particles. 7,8 Formic and acetic acids, the dominant species of organic acids in tropospheric aqueous and gaseous phases, are also ubiquitous in aerosol particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size-segregated particulate matter and carboxylic acids over urban and rural sites in Londrina City, Brazil

Freitas¹,

Martins

Solci³

2012

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Amostragens simultâneas de material particulado (PM) de 0,25 a 10 mm foram realizadas entre os meses de março e abril de 2007 em área urbana e rural de Londrina (Paraná). Os resultados indicaram que o material particulado fino (PM 2,5 ) representa uma significativa porção da massa de material particulado PM 10 (70 e 67% na área urbana e rural, respectivamente). Ácidos dicarboxílicos foram encontrados em maior concentração respondendo por 78% e 69% da massa de PM 2,5 na área urbana e rural, respectivamente, sendo que o oxalato e succinato foram os mais abundantes. A distribuição de massa do oxalato em área urbana apresentou picos dominantes em 0,25-0,5 µm. A razão de massa de acetato e formato indicou as emissões veiculares primarias como fonte dominante de ácidos carboxílicos em Londrina. Além disso, análises das trajetórias indicaram a ocorrência de transporte de poluentes do estado de São Paulo para a região de estudo.Samplings of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) from 0.25 to 10 µm were performed between the months of March and April 2007, simultaneously in urban and rural areas of Londrina City (Paraná State, Brazil). Results indicated that the fine fraction (PM 2.5 ) represents a significant portion of the PM 10 mass (70 and 67% in urban and rural areas, respectively). Dicarboxylic acids were found in larger concentration, contributing to the PM 2.5 fraction with 78% in urban and 69% in rural areas, being oxalate and succinate the most abundant species. Mass size distribution of oxalate in urban site was presented as the dominant mode, with peaks at 0.25-0.5 µm. Acetate-to-formate mass ratio indicated the primary vehicular emissions as dominant source of carboxylic acids in Londrina. Moreover, backward trajectories indicated the transport of pollutants from São Paulo State to Londrina region.Keywords: size-segregated particulate matter, carboxylic acids, PM 2.5 , urban and rural aerosols IntroductionThe occurrence and abundance of carboxylic acids in atmospheric particulate matter (PM) depend on meteorological conditions and characteristics of the ambient. The carboxylic acids represent a major fraction of the organic acids present in the atmospheric particulate matter. Among them, the oxalic acid has been the main species, followed by succinic and malonic acids. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Mono-and di-carboxylic acids are important groups of organic compounds identified in the atmospheric particles. 7,8 Formic and acetic acids, the dominant species of organic acids in tropospheric aqueous and gaseous phases, are also ubiquitous in aerosol particles. Oxalic acid has been detected as the major fraction of water-soluble organic compounds in urban, rural and even in remote areas. [3][4][5][6] Since carboxylic acids are highly water-soluble, they have the potential to modify the hygroscopic properties of atmospheric particles, including their ambient size and cloud condensation nuclei activity. 9,10 Weak organic acids could contribute ca. 40 and 60% to the free acidity in precipitation in urban and remote areas, respe...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Organic acids constitute a significant fraction of particulate organic carbon (1,(8)(9)(10)(11). Dicarboxylic acids, the most abundant of which in the troposphere is oxalic acid [(COOH)2], contributed as much as 50% to particulate organic aerosol mass in at least one study in central Japan (8). Primary emissions from fossil fuel combustion, biomass burning, and biogenic activity are sources of particulate oxalic acid (12)(13)(14); photooxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particularly aromatic hydrocarbons, followed by condensation onto preexisting aerosols is also a source (15,16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Source of Organic Acid Aerosol Layers above Clouds

Sorooshian

Brechtel

et al. 2007

Environ. Sci. Technol.

193

163

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During the July 2005 Marine Stratus/Stratocumulus Experiment (MASE) and the August−September 2006 Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric Composition and Climate Study (GoMACCS), the Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely-Piloted Aircraft Studies (CIRPAS) Twin Otter probed aerosols and cumulus clouds in the eastern Pacific Ocean off the coast of northern California and in southeastern Texas, respectively. An on-board particle-into-liquid sampler (PILS) quantified inorganic and organic acid species with ≤5-min time resolution. Ubiquitous organic aerosol layers above cloud with enhanced organic acid levels were observed in both locations. The data suggest that aqueous-phase reactions to produce organic acids, mainly oxalic acid, followed by droplet evaporation is a source of elevated organic acid aerosol levels above cloud. Oxalic acid is observed to be produced more efficiently relative to sulfate as the cloud liquid water content increases, corresponding to larger and less acidic droplets. As derived from large eddy simulations of stratocumulus under the conditions of MASE, both Lagrangian trajectory analysis and diurnal cloudtop evolution provide evidence that a significant fraction of the aerosol mass concentration above cloud can be accounted for by evaporated droplet residual particles. Methanesulfonate data suggest that entrainment of free tropospheric aerosol can also be a source of organic acids above boundary layer clouds.

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Photochemical formation of particulate dicarboxylic acids under long-range transport in central Japan

Cited by 129 publications

References 11 publications

Diurnal changes in the distribution of dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids and dicarbonyls in the urban Tokyo atmosphere

Diurnal changes in the distribution of dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids and dicarbonyls in the urban Tokyo atmosphere

Size-segregated particulate matter and carboxylic acids over urban and rural sites in Londrina City, Brazil

On the Source of Organic Acid Aerosol Layers above Clouds

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