Photobiomodulation on Stress

Abstract

Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a nondamaged modulation of laser irradiation or monochromatic light (LI) on a biosystem function. It depends on whether the function is in its function-specific homeostasis (FSH). An FSH is a negative-feedback response of a biosystem to maintain the function-specific conditions inside the biosystem so that the function is perfectly performed. A function in its FSH is called a normal function. A function far from its FSH is called a dysfunctional function. The process of a function from dysfunctional to normal is called a functional normalization. For a normal function in its FSH, there are FSH-essential subfunctions (FESs), FSH-nonessential subfunctions (FNSs), and an FES/FNS-specific homeostasis (FESH/FNSH). A FSH can resist internal/external disturbances under the threshold, but can be disrupted by an FSH-specific stress (FSS). A normal/dysfunctional FSS is called a successful/chronic stress. An FESH/FNSH-specific stress was called an extraordinary/ordinary stress. A low level LI (LLL) cannot directly affect a normal function, but can modulate a chronic stress. A normal function may have a chronic ordinary stress, and an LLL may modulate the chronic ordinary stress so that it promotes the normalization of the dysfunctional FNS and then upgrades the normal function. A high level LI can modulate a normal function and may be a successful stress.

Longevity Chance

“…Each function may be maintained by a negative feedback response which was called function-speci¯c homeostasis (FSH). 5,20,21 The quality of an FSH (Q) is called functional¯tness. A healthy individual might simultaneously have many kinds of FSH, fFSH i ; i ¼ 1; 2; .…”

“…There are two kinds of subfunctions maintaining a normal function, FSH-essential subfunctions and FSH-nonessential subfunctions. 5,20,21 All the FSH-essential subfunctions of a normal function are normal, but only some of FSH-nonessential subfunctions are normal. Work is a health-essential function.…”

“…2 He has even paid attention to PBM. 5,20,21 He has edited the only paper published in Proc Natl Acad Sci USA in 2003. 26 As the fourth author, he also published a paper in J Biol Chem in 2005.…”

“…20,21 One fully activated redundant pathway can maintain a normal function on which the exact de¯nition will be discussed in Sec. 8, and the synergitic integration of two fully activated redundant pathways can enhance the normal function.…”

“…20,21 Direct photobiomodulation (PBM) may promote the activation of a partially activated redundant pathway so that the modulated dysfunctional function may become normalized, and indirect PBM may promote the activation of the partially activated redundant pathway of one fully activated redundant pathway so that the maintained normal function may be enhanced. 20,21 Secondly, a community whose composition is sensitive and not resilient might produce process rates similar to the original community if the members of the community are functionally redundant. 22 Thirdly, redundancy is also a concept of crucial importance for understanding aging, particularly the systemic nature of aging.…”