“…PLD2 is also activated by ARF proteins, but it is unclear whether Ral contributes to PLD2 regulation (Koch et al, 2003). PLD1 and PLD2 are associated with the EGF receptor, and PLD inhibitors block agonist-stimulated EGF, ␦-opioid, and angiotensin receptor internalization (Slaaby et al, 1998;Shen et al, 2001;Koch et al, 2003Koch et al, , 2004Du et al, 2004). Therefore, we examined whether the expression of wild-type and mutant ARF1, ARF6, PLD1, and PLD2 proteins might augment or antagonize constitutive mGluR1a internalization.…”