Phospholipase A₁fromTrypanosoma cruziinfective stages generates lipid messengers that activate host cell protein kinase c

Abstract

Here we have studied phospholipase A1 (Plase A1) from Trypanosoma cruzi infective stages and it's possible role regarding the interaction with mammalian host cells. Plase A1 was mainly detected as a membrane-bound activity in the infective amastigote and trypomastigote stages, being remarkably higher with respect to the non-infective epimastigotes. It is noteworthy that only the infective stages secreted Plase A1. Moreover, along the differentiation process from epimastigotes into metacyclic trypomastigotes, the secreted enzyme activity increased simultaneously with the appearance of metacyclic forms, as expected. Since this enzyme is predominantly membrane-associated and secreted by the infective stages, Vero cell lipid profile modifications were analysed after interaction with either intact infective parasites or purified T. cruzi Plase A1. Significant changes in Vero cell lipid composition were observed, with the appearance of free fatty acids, diacylglycerol and lysophosphatidylcholine. Concomitantly with the generation of second lipid messengers, host cell protein kinase C activation was demonstrated. These results indicate that T. cruzi Plase A1 could play a critical role in the early events of parasite-host cell interaction that precede invasion.

Different genotypes of Trypanosoma cruzi produce distinctive placental environment genetic response in chronic experimental infection

“…cruzi [34] and also the pro-kineticin receptors in mammalian cells, which are G protein-coupled receptors [35]. Moreover, it has been described an activation of host protein kinase C by RA strain (TcVI) that favors infection [36]. In this study, we found that T .…”

Structural and Functional Analysis of a Platelet-Activating Lysophosphatidylcholine of Trypanosoma cruzi

“…However, since we could only identify sn -1 C18:0-, C18:1-, and C18:2-LPC, we believe that the parasite PLA1 is not playing a major role in the generation of these LPCs, at least under the experimental conditions used in this study. Nevertheless, we could not discard the possibility that the T. cruzi PLA1 might be important for the generation of LPC species using different experimental conditions and/or other parasite strains, as previously described [79], [80]. Therefore, most likely the LPC species identified in this study were generated by the action of a PLA2 from the host and/or parasite.…”

“…These LPCs could be generated by the action of host- and/or parasite-derived phospholipase(s) A1 and/or A2 on diacyl-PCs. A PLA1 has already been well characterized in T. cruzi trypomastigote and amastigote forms (RA, Cvd, and K98 strains) [79], [80] and T. brucei [81]. However, since we could only identify sn -1 C18:0-, C18:1-, and C18:2-LPC, we believe that the parasite PLA1 is not playing a major role in the generation of these LPCs, at least under the experimental conditions used in this study.…”

Involvement of protein kinase C isoenzymes in Trypanosoma cruzi metacyclogenesis induced by oleic acid

“…Disrupted parasites were then centrifuged at 27,000×g for 30 min and the resultant homogenate supernatants were aliquoted and stored at −80°C until used in immunoblot analysis of PKC isoenzymes (Belaunzarán et al 2007). …”