Phenotypic and Genotypic Diversity of Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Bloodstream Infections Recovered in the Hospitals of Belo Horizonte, Brazil

Abstract

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa commonly causes nosocomial bloodstream infections and the emergence of a variety of β-lactamases (BLs) is worrying. In 5 hospitals in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, the presence of phenotypes encoding BL genes was established and the genetic diversity of the P. aeruginosa strains recovered from bloodstream infections was analyzed. Materials and Methods: The isolates were investigated using a disk diffusion (DD) method and the Etest®, for encoding metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs), oxacillinases and cephalosporinases. Genes and genetic diversity were evaluated by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) genotyping and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR. Results: Twelve strains (30%) were positive for MBLs by Etest and DD, 15 were cephalosporinase-positive and 87.5% were positive for bla_SPM-1 and bla_VIM-1. Twenty-three strains (57.5%) were grouped into profile A, 32.5% into profile B and 10% into profile C by RAPD genotyping. ERIC-PCR revealed a varying degree of similarity between strains, ranging from 45 to 100%. Conclusions: The results suggest distinct clonal populations in the 5 hospitals studied, indicating a potentially problematic epidemiological situation in Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance of <b><i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i></b> Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infections in Southern Poland

“…Amongst MBL-positive isolates in the current study, 3 contained bla VIM-2 , which has been found worldwide, e.g. in Brazil, Norway and Poland [ [24,41,43]; Empel and Gniadkowski, unpubl. results].…”

“…results]. None of the tested isolates were positive for bla SPM-1 , which appears to be restricted to Brazil [24,43]. Acquired MBLs are emerging and should be carefully monitored.…”

Genotypic diversity among multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species at Mulago Hospital in Kampala, Uganda

“…Further studies with a larger number of isolates are necessary to obtain a better picture of the circulating clones at Mulago Hospital. Other researchers who used Rep-PCR genotyping also reported a high level of genetic diversity among P. aeruginosa isolated from a hospital in Belo Horizonte, Brazil [22]. Moreover, a nonclonal epidemic population structure of P. aeruginosa , supported by lack of evidence for a widespread cystic fibrosis transmissible clone, has been reported [27].…”

“…up-regulated efflux pumps or outer membrane impermeability [21] outlined above. Indeed, carbapenem resistant P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter strains that are resistant to aztreonam have been reported by researchers worldwide [22]. Taken together, there is surprisingly high level of aztreonam resistance in P. aeruginosa isolated from hospital environments [23].…”

Susceptibility of 2,252 <b><i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i></b> Clinical Isolates Over 4 Years to 9 Antimicrobials in a Tertiary Greek Hospital

“…Emergence of distinct clonal populations of P. aeruginosa even within hospitals of the same city has been shown in recent studies [30] , while both cross-transmission and treatment failures are major problems that should be curbed to reduce the generation and spread of P. aeruginosa infections [31] . Also, very little clinical information was collected on the patients infected with P. aeruginosa.…”