Phenological growth stages of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.): codification and description according to the BBCH scale

Mishchenko, S. V.; Mokher, Yuriy; Laiko, Iryna; Burbulis, Natalija; Kyrychenko, Hanna; Dudukova, Svetlana

doi:10.6001/zemesukiomokslai.v24i2.3496

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…Plants were harvested at four different periods, from early flowering to end of flowering in July 2019 (11 weeks after sowing), August 2019 (14 and 16 weeks after sowing) and September 2019 (18 weeks after planting). The phenological stage of each cultivar for each harvest date is indicated in Table 7 [ 45 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the Polyphenol and Terpene Content, Antioxidant Activity and Plant Morphology of Eight Different Fiber-Type Cultivars of Cannabis sativa L. Cultivated at Three Sowing Densities

André

Leupin

Kneubühl

et al. 2020

Plants

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The chemical composition of the inflorescences of eight different fibre-type Cannabis sativa L. cultivars grown in Switzerland was monitored for different sowing densities over the season 2019. HPLC-MS, GC-MS and GC-FID, as well as spectrophotometric techniques were used to measure the total phenolic content (TPC) and the antioxidative activity of the inflorescence extracts, and to characterise and quantify the flavonoids and terpenes produced by the different cultivars over different sowing densities from July to September 2019. The main finding of the present study is that the TPC, as well as the individual flavonoids and terpenes, were mainly influenced by the harvest period and the phenological stage of the plant. The content of polyphenols and flavonoids decrease during the flower development for all cultivars studied. The terpene content increased with maturation. The monoterpenes/sesquiterpenes ratio also changed between the early flowering (majority of sesquiterpenes) and the end of flowering (majority of monoterpenes). The sowing density showed an impact on plant morphology, a low density such as 30 seeds/m2 influencing the production of bigger flowers, thus increasing the yield of polyphenols and terpenes production. Therefore, hemp inflorescences can be regarded as valuable by-products of fibre production, for their valorisation in the food and beverage industry in addition to cosmetics and perfumery.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the Polyphenol and Terpene Content, Antioxidant Activity and Plant Morphology of Eight Different Fiber-Type Cultivars of Cannabis sativa L. Cultivated at Three Sowing Densities

André

Leupin

Kneubühl

et al. 2020

Plants

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“…After germination, cotyledons, hypocotyls and true leaves dissected from 7-days-old seedlings were employed as explants. In this species, this stage of seedling development is equivalent to the phenological growth stage coded in Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt , and CHemical industry (BBCH-scale) by number 11 ( Mishchenko et al, 2017 ). Explants were cultured in the different media described in Table 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Direct in vitro Plant Regeneration Protocol From Cannabis sativa L. Seedling Explants: Developmental Morphology of Shoot Regeneration and Ploidy Level of Regenerated Plants

Galán-Ávila¹,

García‐Fortea

Prohens

et al. 2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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In vitro shoot regeneration can efficiently contribute to the improvement of recalcitrant Cannabis sativa L. We aimed at developing a highly efficient protocol for in vitro direct regeneration of C. sativa plants from different explants (cotyledon, hypocotyl, and true leaf) from seedlings of monoecious C. sativa short-day varieties Ferimon, Felina32, Fedora17, and USO31, together with dioecious neutral-day variety Finola. Ten regeneration media, including already published protocols, and self-designed combinations of plant growth regulators were tested. The developmental morphology since germination of seeds to the development of rooted plantlets was followed. Additionally, the ploidy level of explants and in vitro regenerants was analyzed. We concluded that hypocotyl is the best explant for in vitro direct regeneration of C. sativa plants with 49.45% of responding explants, while cotyledon and true leaf had a poor response with, respectively, 4.70 and 0.42% of explants developing plantlets. In terms of shoot regeneration, we found significant differences among the culture media evaluated and the varieties studied. Overall, the best regeneration media were ZEA RIB 2.0 (mg/L) and ZEA RIB 1.0 (mg/L) + NAA 0.02 (mg/L) with 66.67% of responding hypocotyls. Amazingly, hypocotyls cultured in medium without plant growth regulators showed an excellent response (61.54% of responding hypocotyls) and spontaneous rooting of regenerants (17.94%). In vitro regenerated plants were acclimatized just 6 weeks after culture initiation. The developmental morphology study suggests that regenerated shoots originate from pericycle cells adjacent to xylem poles. Polysomaty was detected in hypocotyls and cotyledons of all varieties studied, and diploid (>80%) and mixoploid (with diploid and tetraploid cells) plants were regenerated. Our protocol allows a high shoot organogenesis efficiency in different C. sativa varieties. The fact that a significant percentage of plants are mixoploid may provide an alternative way to develop polyploids in C. sativa . Our results show that direct in vitro regeneration may make a significant contribution to the development of improved C. sativa materials for medical applications.

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“…Separately, the cannabis feminized seeds were planted in a seedling transplant tray filled with soil media (Pro‐mix general purpose) at 3 cm depth. Seedlings were transplanted to pots at 12 days post‐emergence at which time the growth stage was three true leaf pairs on the BBCH scale (Mishchenko et al., 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and physiological responses of Cannabis sativa to an integrated plant nutrition system

et al. 2020

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The illegal status of cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) post-World War II resulted in a lack of research on agricultural practices. However, there is a resurgence of interest in cannabis due to diverse uses such as a rich source of cellulosic/woody fiber and construction uses, seed oil, bioenergy and pharmaceutical properties. The principle of an integrated plant nutrition system (IPNS) is to enable adaptation of plant nutrition and soil fertility management to local site characteristics, attempting to optimize use of inorganic, organic and biological resources. This project investigated the individual and combined use of inorganic, organic and biological fertilizer resources on cannabis before and after a period of moderate water stress. We evaluated the individual and combined effects of commercial synthetic fertilizer, humic acid (HA), manure tea and bioinoculant as inorganic, organic and biological resources, respectively on cannabis growth and physiological parameters. Our hypothesis was that the synergetic effects of HA + biofertilizers would improve cannabis growth. When compared to the control, the application of HA and biofertilizer alone, or in combination, increased plant height, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency by 55, 8 and 12%, respectively, after water stress. Cannabis biomass of treated plants was rarely different from the control. The combined application of HA + biofertilizer resulted in additive, but not synergistic, increases in measured parameter. Future research should focus on the effects of biostimulants on CBD/THC content due to the potential impact on the production of secondary metabolites in plants under stress. 1 INTRODUCTION Cannabis is classified into the family Cannabaceae and has three main types: C. sativa, C. indica, and C. ruderalis (Stearn, 1970) and has various prospective uses in the

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Phenological growth stages of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.): codification and description according to the BBCH scale

Cited by 27 publications

References 7 publications

Evolution of the Polyphenol and Terpene Content, Antioxidant Activity and Plant Morphology of Eight Different Fiber-Type Cultivars of Cannabis sativa L. Cultivated at Three Sowing Densities

Evolution of the Polyphenol and Terpene Content, Antioxidant Activity and Plant Morphology of Eight Different Fiber-Type Cultivars of Cannabis sativa L. Cultivated at Three Sowing Densities

Development of a Direct in vitro Plant Regeneration Protocol From Cannabis sativa L. Seedling Explants: Developmental Morphology of Shoot Regeneration and Ploidy Level of Regenerated Plants

Biochemical and physiological responses of Cannabis sativa to an integrated plant nutrition system

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