Phase transformation at controlled locations in nanowires by in situ electron irradiation

Zhang, Hongtao; Wang, Wen; Xu, Tao; Xu, Feng; Sun, Litao

doi:10.1007/s12274-020-2711-2

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…1. It should be noticed that electron beam provides a stimulus and the interaction with the specimen may trigger local structural transformation, so in situ electron irradiation is also beneficial to explore the formation of nanophase [18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic-scale insights into the formation of 2D crystals from in situ transmission electron microscopy

et al. 2020

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Two-dimensional (2D) crystals are attractive due to their intriguing structures and properties which are strongly dependent on the synthesis conditions. To achieve their superior properties, it is of critical importance to fully understand the growth processes and mechanisms for tailored design and controlled growth of 2D crystals. Due to the high spatiotemporal resolution and the capability to mimic the realistic growth conditions, in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) becomes an effective way to monitor the growth process in real-time at the atomic scale, which is expected to provide atomic-scale insights into the nucleation and growth of 2D crystals. Here we review the recent in situ TEM works on the formation of 2D crystals under electron irradiation, thermal excitation as well as voltage bias. The underlying mechanisms are also elucidated in detail, providing key insights into the nucleation and formation of 2D crystals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic-scale insights into the formation of 2D crystals from in situ transmission electron microscopy

et al. 2020

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“…Then, the influence of surface passivation during mechanical deformation process was studied. PbO x layers were introduced to the surface of Pb particles by in situ irradiation, and the details can be found in our previous research [32]. Examples are shown in Figures 2(a As shown in Figures 2(c)-2(f) and Figure S5, when the surface of Pb nanoparticle is oxidized, plastic deformation instead of the pseudoelastic deformation was observed during the similar in situ compression and stretching processes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Typical results are shown in Figure S1 and Figure S2 . More details can be found in our previous research [ 32 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface-Condition-Dependent Deformation Mechanisms in Lead Nanocrystals

et al. 2022

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Serving as nanoelectrodes or frame units, small-volume metals may critically affect the performance and reliability of nanodevices, especially with feature sizes down to the nanometer scale. Small-volume metals usually behave extraordinarily in comparison with their bulk counterparts, but the knowledge of how their sizes and surfaces give rise to their extraordinary properties is currently insufficient. In this study, we investigate the influence of surface conditions on mechanical behaviors in nanometer-sized Pb crystals by performing in situ mechanical deformation tests inside an aberration-corrected transmission electron microscope (TEM). Pseudoelastic deformation and plastic deformation processes were observed at atomic precision during deformation of pristine and surface-oxidized Pb particles, respectively. It is found that in most of the pristine Pb particles, surface atom diffusion dominates and leads to a pseudoelastic deformation behavior. In stark contrast, in surface-passivated Pb particles where surface atom diffusion is largely inhibited, deformation proceeds via displacive plasticity including dislocations, stacking faults, and twinning, leading to dominant plastic deformation without any pseudoelasticity. This research directly reveals the dramatic impact of surface conditions on the deformation mechanisms and mechanical behaviors of metallic nanocrystals, which provides significant implications for property tuning of the critical components in advanced nanodevices.

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“…To investigate the structural evolution of 2D vertically aligned WS 2 , external stimuli were applied to the sample. Because the electron beam has been demonstrated as a useful power to induce phase transformation, − 2D WS 2 was exposed to the electron beam with a dose rate of ∼20,000 e – Å –2 s –1 at 25 °C for 45 min. However, as can be seen from Figure S1b, the structure of vertically aligned WS 2 remains unchanged.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ TEM Investigations on the Controlled Phase Transformation of Vertically Aligned WS₂ at Designated Locations on an Atomic Scale

et al. 2021

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Revealing the structural transformation and chemical stability of two-dimensional vertical WS 2 layers and understanding their underlying mechanism are particularly significant for their electrochemical and catalytic applications. In this letter, through in situ heating treatment and controlled electron beam irradiation in a transmission electron microscope, the transformation from vertically aligned WS 2 layers into cubic W particles at predefined locations has been revealed in real time. During the phase transformation, pristine WS 2 becomes thin and some nanoscale voids appear between the newly formed W particles because of the evaporation of S atoms from the WS 2 lattice framework and the migration of W atoms. Meanwhile, it is found that the density of vertically aligned WS 2 has a great influence on the transformation mechanism. Vertically aligned WS 2 layers with high density are directly converted to cubic W nanocrystals, while vertically aligned WS 2 layers with low density are first transformed into horizontal WS 2 and/or amorphous W and then are transformed into cubic W nanocrystals. Furthermore, by controlling the location of the electron beam irradiation, the formation of W nanocrystals with the designed pattern has been achieved. This study provides useful insights for a better understanding of the basic atomic structure of general two-dimensional layered crystal materials.

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Phase transformation at controlled locations in nanowires by in situ electron irradiation

Cited by 9 publications

References 41 publications

Atomic-scale insights into the formation of 2D crystals from in situ transmission electron microscopy

Atomic-scale insights into the formation of 2D crystals from in situ transmission electron microscopy

Surface-Condition-Dependent Deformation Mechanisms in Lead Nanocrystals

In Situ TEM Investigations on the Controlled Phase Transformation of Vertically Aligned WS₂ at Designated Locations on an Atomic Scale

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Phase transformation at controlled locations in nanowires by in situ electron irradiation

Cited by 9 publications

References 41 publications

Atomic-scale insights into the formation of 2D crystals from in situ transmission electron microscopy

Atomic-scale insights into the formation of 2D crystals from in situ transmission electron microscopy

Surface-Condition-Dependent Deformation Mechanisms in Lead Nanocrystals

In Situ TEM Investigations on the Controlled Phase Transformation of Vertically Aligned WS2 at Designated Locations on an Atomic Scale

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In Situ TEM Investigations on the Controlled Phase Transformation of Vertically Aligned WS₂ at Designated Locations on an Atomic Scale