Phase II study of epirubicin, cisplatin, and capecitabine for advanced biliary tract adenocarcinoma

Abstract

A thin, highly crosslinked layer was grafted onto an alkyl thiol self‐assembled‐monolayer (SAM)‐coated gold surface with N,N′‐methylene bisacrylamide (MBAA), a widely used crosslinker with two polymerizable groups, as the monomer. Surface‐initiated photografting copolymerization was achieved through the immobilization of the hydrogen‐abstraction photoinitiator benzophenone on the hydrophobic alkyl surface via physical adsorption and subsequent UV irradiation in the presence of an MBAA solution. The growth of the grafted poly‐MBAA layers seemed to produce dendritic structures with low surface coverage. At a higher monomer concentration (15 g/L of water), full coverage of the gold surface with a thin layer was obtained and proved by scanning force microscopy and contact‐angle measurements. The evaluation of the gold, gold–SAM, and gold–SAM/grafted poly‐MBAA layers with a surface plasmon resonance sensor system revealed that the photografted, thin, highly crosslinked polyacrylamide layers had a very low affinity toward the adsorption of protein. Therefore, this provides a very promising approach to tailoring materials for sensors and other applications. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 158–164, 2005

Current Management of Gallbladder Carcinoma

“…No grade 4 toxicities were reported. An earlier study evaluating epirubicin, cisplatin, and capecitabine exhibited an impressive RR of 40%, but with an unremarkable median OS time of 8 months and significant incidences of grade 3 or 4 mucositis (19%) and neutropenia (26%) [66].…”

Ribonucleotide reductase subunit M1 assessed by quantitative double-fluorescence immunohistochemistry predicts the efficacy of gemcitabine in biliary tract carcinoma

“…However, no standard chemotherapy regimen for advanced BTC has been established. Several phase II trials with new chemotherapeutic agents, such as gemcitabine (6)(7)(8)(9)(10), capecitabine (11), oxaliplatin (12), or S-1 (13,14) have demonstrated tumor response in ~15-35% of patients treated with single agents, and in 20-40% of patients treated with their combinations (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). Among them, gemcitabine has shown promising activity against advanced BTC, and has been commonly used for patients with unresectable or recurrent BTC in Japan.…”

Locoregional Therapies of Cholangiocarcinoma

“…folinic acid, 5-FU, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) or folinic acid, 5-FU, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI)) [33,34,35,36,37,38,39]. The listed data include complete response, partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease rates of 0-5.7%, 4.2-39.5%, 23.3-74.0%, and 17.7-29.4%, respectively [33,34,36,37,38]. The toxicity rates ranged between 0 and 75.0%, and the median overall survival was 7.6-27.7 months [33,36,37,39].…”

“…rate and/or type of extrahepatic metastatic disease), as well as a range of different chemotherapy regimens (e.g. folinic acid, 5-FU, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) or folinic acid, 5-FU, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI)) [33,34,35,36,37,38,39]. The listed data include complete response, partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease rates of 0-5.7%, 4.2-39.5%, 23.3-74.0%, and 17.7-29.4%, respectively [33,34,36,37,38].…”