Pharmacological prevention of acute lead poisoning in Paramecium

A circadian clock regulates sensitivity to cadmium in Paramecium tetraurelia

“…Experimental evidence has shown that the minimum requirements for changes in the direction of swimming in Paramecium are calcium and Mg 2+ -ATP and the reversal in the ciliary beat involve calcium (Hinrichsen et al 1995). In a previous study of lead toxicity on P. calkinsi, a similar disturbance in swimming behavior occurred (Bernal and Ruvalcaba 1996). The primary manifestations were an increase in the number of avoiding reactions concomitant with a change in swimming speed.…”

“…The primary manifestations were an increase in the number of avoiding reactions concomitant with a change in swimming speed. The authors suggested that the cilia membrane calcium channel is a possible target of lead (Bernal and Ruvalcaba 1996). It has been shown that concentrations of cadmium as high as 1 mm CdCl 2 only reduce the calcium current of Paramecium by 17% (Bernal and Ehrlich 1996), which appears to argue against an effect of cadmium on calcium conductance causing the observed morphological effects.…”

“…Behavioral studies involving the marine species Paramecium calkinsi demonstrate that lead toxicants affect locomotor activity by increasing the behavioral response of the cells (Bernal and Ruvalcaba 1996); a possible site of lead action may be the calcium channels (Bernal and Ruvalcaba 1996). In Paramecium tetraurelia, there has been a brief description of the toxic effects of cadmium on cells (Fukushima 1980), as well as a report discussing the morphological effects of cadmium (Sundararaman and Gupta 1990).…”

A circadian clock regulates sensitivity to cadmium in Paramecium tetraurelia

“…Experimental evidence has shown that the minimum requirements for changes in the direction of swimming in Paramecium are calcium and Mg 2+ -ATP and the reversal in the ciliary beat involve calcium (Hinrichsen et al 1995). In a previous study of lead toxicity on P. calkinsi, a similar disturbance in swimming behavior occurred (Bernal and Ruvalcaba 1996). The primary manifestations were an increase in the number of avoiding reactions concomitant with a change in swimming speed.…”

“…The primary manifestations were an increase in the number of avoiding reactions concomitant with a change in swimming speed. The authors suggested that the cilia membrane calcium channel is a possible target of lead (Bernal and Ruvalcaba 1996). It has been shown that concentrations of cadmium as high as 1 mm CdCl 2 only reduce the calcium current of Paramecium by 17% (Bernal and Ehrlich 1996), which appears to argue against an effect of cadmium on calcium conductance causing the observed morphological effects.…”

“…Behavioral studies involving the marine species Paramecium calkinsi demonstrate that lead toxicants affect locomotor activity by increasing the behavioral response of the cells (Bernal and Ruvalcaba 1996); a possible site of lead action may be the calcium channels (Bernal and Ruvalcaba 1996). In Paramecium tetraurelia, there has been a brief description of the toxic effects of cadmium on cells (Fukushima 1980), as well as a report discussing the morphological effects of cadmium (Sundararaman and Gupta 1990).…”

Pb2+ Modulates Ca2+ Membrane Permeability In Paramecium

“…In other preparations, Pb 2+ inhibits mammalian calcium channel permeability in a dose-dependent manner [4]. However, in protozoa, Pb 2+ increased the time of backward swimming, which is an indirect estimation of calcium permeability [5]. Although the experimental results described above strongly suggest that calcium permeability is increased when cells are exposed to Pb 2+ , voltage-clamp experiments have to be done in order to clarify the effect of Pb 2+ on calcium currents from Paramecium.…”

Development of a multi-target tracking system for paramecia

“…Various investigations of galvanotaxis 1-3 and chemotaxis [4][5][6] were used to examine the characteristics of microorganism, especially paramecia in the fields of medical science, electrophysiology, biomedical science and toxicology. In some research, the investigators have attempted to develop methods for tracking microorganisms.…”

A circadian clock regulates sensitivity to cadmium in Paramecium tetraurelia

“…Experimental evidence has shown that the minimum requirements for changes in the direction of swimming in Paramecium are calcium and Mg 2+ -ATP and the reversal in the ciliary beat involve calcium (Hinrichsen et al 1995). In a previous study of lead toxicity on P. calkinsi, a similar disturbance in swimming behavior occurred (Bernal and Ruvalcaba 1996). The primary manifestations were an increase in the number of avoiding reactions concomitant with a change in swimming speed.…”

“…The primary manifestations were an increase in the number of avoiding reactions concomitant with a change in swimming speed. The authors suggested that the cilia membrane calcium channel is a possible target of lead (Bernal and Ruvalcaba 1996). It has been shown that concentrations of cadmium as high as 1 mm CdCl 2 only reduce the calcium current of Paramecium by 17% (Bernal and Ehrlich 1996), which appears to argue against an effect of cadmium on calcium conductance causing the observed morphological effects.…”

“…Behavioral studies involving the marine species Paramecium calkinsi demonstrate that lead toxicants affect locomotor activity by increasing the behavioral response of the cells (Bernal and Ruvalcaba 1996); a possible site of lead action may be the calcium channels (Bernal and Ruvalcaba 1996). In Paramecium tetraurelia, there has been a brief description of the toxic effects of cadmium on cells (Fukushima 1980), as well as a report discussing the morphological effects of cadmium (Sundararaman and Gupta 1990).…”

Pb2+ Modulates Ca2+ Membrane Permeability In Paramecium

“…In other preparations, Pb 2+ inhibits mammalian calcium channel permeability in a dose-dependent manner [4]. However, in protozoa, Pb 2+ increased the time of backward swimming, which is an indirect estimation of calcium permeability [5]. Although the experimental results described above strongly suggest that calcium permeability is increased when cells are exposed to Pb 2+ , voltage-clamp experiments have to be done in order to clarify the effect of Pb 2+ on calcium currents from Paramecium.…”

Development of a multi-target tracking system for paramecia

“…Various investigations of galvanotaxis 1-3 and chemotaxis [4][5][6] were used to examine the characteristics of microorganism, especially paramecia in the fields of medical science, electrophysiology, biomedical science and toxicology. In some research, the investigators have attempted to develop methods for tracking microorganisms.…”

A circadian clock regulates sensitivity to cadmium in Paramecium tetraurelia

“…Experimental evidence has shown that the minimum requirements for changes in the direction of swimming in Paramecium are calcium and Mg 2+ -ATP and the reversal in the ciliary beat involve calcium (Hinrichsen et al 1995). In a previous study of lead toxicity on P. calkinsi, a similar disturbance in swimming behavior occurred (Bernal and Ruvalcaba 1996). The primary manifestations were an increase in the number of avoiding reactions concomitant with a change in swimming speed.…”

“…The primary manifestations were an increase in the number of avoiding reactions concomitant with a change in swimming speed. The authors suggested that the cilia membrane calcium channel is a possible target of lead (Bernal and Ruvalcaba 1996). It has been shown that concentrations of cadmium as high as 1 mm CdCl 2 only reduce the calcium current of Paramecium by 17% (Bernal and Ehrlich 1996), which appears to argue against an effect of cadmium on calcium conductance causing the observed morphological effects.…”

“…Behavioral studies involving the marine species Paramecium calkinsi demonstrate that lead toxicants affect locomotor activity by increasing the behavioral response of the cells (Bernal and Ruvalcaba 1996); a possible site of lead action may be the calcium channels (Bernal and Ruvalcaba 1996). In Paramecium tetraurelia, there has been a brief description of the toxic effects of cadmium on cells (Fukushima 1980), as well as a report discussing the morphological effects of cadmium (Sundararaman and Gupta 1990).…”

Pb2+ Modulates Ca2+ Membrane Permeability In Paramecium

“…In other preparations, Pb 2+ inhibits mammalian calcium channel permeability in a dose-dependent manner [4]. However, in protozoa, Pb 2+ increased the time of backward swimming, which is an indirect estimation of calcium permeability [5]. Although the experimental results described above strongly suggest that calcium permeability is increased when cells are exposed to Pb 2+ , voltage-clamp experiments have to be done in order to clarify the effect of Pb 2+ on calcium currents from Paramecium.…”

Development of a multi-target tracking system for paramecia

“…Various investigations of galvanotaxis 1-3 and chemotaxis [4][5][6] were used to examine the characteristics of microorganism, especially paramecia in the fields of medical science, electrophysiology, biomedical science and toxicology. In some research, the investigators have attempted to develop methods for tracking microorganisms.…”