Phage Biocontrol of Campylobacter jejuni in Chickens Does Not Produce Collateral Effects on the Gut Microbiota

Richards, Philip J.; Connerton, Phillippa L.; Connerton, Ian F.

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00476

Cited by 79 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…For example, Richards et al used a mixture of two Campylobacter phages to treat chickens experimentally infected with C. jejuni and observed considerable reduction in Campylobacter counts in the intestinal tract throughout the 5-day treatment period, but the most obvious difference was seen 2 days after the initiation of the treatment. 119 Using experimentally infected broiler chickens, Wagenaar et al demonstrated that phage therapy effectively decreased Campylobacter colonization when given either before Campylobacter inoculation as a preventive measure or after Campylobacter infection was established as a therapeutic approach. 117 The authors also noticed that the effect was most obvious for the first few days after the initiation of phage therapy.…”

Section: New and Non-antibiotic Approaches To The Control Of Campylobmentioning

confidence: 99%

New and alternative strategies for the prevention, control, and treatment of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter

Dai¹,

Şahin

Grover

et al. 2020

Translational Research

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Campylobacter is an enteric pathogen and a leading bacterial cause of diarrhea worldwide. It is widely distributed in food animal species and is transmitted to humans primarily through the foodborne route. While generally causing self-limited diarrhea in humans, Campylobacter may induce severe or systemic infections in immunocompromised or young/elderly patients, which often requires antibiotic therapy with the first-line antibiotics including fluoroquinolones and macrolides. Over the past decades, Campylobacter has acquired resistance to these clinically significant antibiotics, compromising the effectiveness of antibiotic treatments. To address this concern, many studies have been conducted to advance novel and alternative measures to control antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter in animal reservoirs and in the human host. Although some of these undertakings have yielded promising results, efficacious and reliable alternative approaches are yet to be developed. In this review article, we will describe Campylobacter-associated disease spectrums and current treatment options, discuss the state of antibiotic resistance and alternative therapies, and provide an evaluation of various approaches that are being developed to control Campylobacter infections in animal reservoirs and the human host.

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Section: New and Non-antibiotic Approaches To The Control Of Campylobmentioning

confidence: 99%

New and alternative strategies for the prevention, control, and treatment of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter

Dai¹,

Şahin

Grover

et al. 2020

Translational Research

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“…There is no doubt that the prevalence of Campylobacter in both developed and developing countries needs to be limited, and in response to this the European Union has placed a limit of 1000 CFU/g on broiler chicken carcasses (Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1495). Researchers have shown promising results using phages to reduce the level of Campylobacter on chicken carcasses [9][10][11][12], and in vivo without affecting the host microbiota structure [13][14][15][16][17]. We believe phage treatment is particularly suitable for applications in developing countries since phage products are relatively low-cost and robust and can be safely handled and incorporated into local good practice guidelines for farm and slaughterhouse use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Lyophilization Process for Campylobacter Bacteriophage Storage and Transport

et al. 2020

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Bacteriophages are a sustainable alternative to control pathogenic bacteria in the post-antibiotic era. Despite promising reports, there are still obstacles to phage use, notably titer stability and transport-associated expenses for applications in food and agriculture. In this study, we have developed a lyophilization approach to maintain phage titers, ensure efficacy and reduce transport costs of Campylobacter bacteriophages. Lyophilization methods were adopted with various excipients to enhance stabilization in combination with packaging options for international transport. Lyophilization of Eucampyvirinae CP30A using tryptone formed a cake that limited processing titer reduction to 0.35 ± 0.09 log10 PFU mL−1. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the initial titer reduction was associated with capsid collapse of a subpopulation. Freeze-dried phages were generally stable under refrigerated vacuum conditions and showed no significant titer changes over 3 months incubation at 4 °C (p = 0.29). Reduced stability was observed for lyophilized phages that were incubated either at 30 °C under vacuum or at 4 °C at 70% or 90% relative humidity. Refrigerated international transport and rehydration of the cake resulted in a total phage titer reduction of 0.81 ± 0.44 log10 PFU mL−1. A significantly higher titer loss was observed for phages that were not refrigerated during transport (2.03 ± 0.32 log10 PFU mL−1). We propose that lyophilization offers a convenient method to preserve and transport Campylobacter phages, with minimal titer reduction after the drying process.

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“…For wider activity and greater potency against C. jejuni, it is advisable that polyphage applications (phage cocktails) targeting this pathogen be comprised of the representatives of both CPS-specific and flagellotropic phages or to administer the phages from these groups successively [37,88]. Prevention of recycling of phages reduces resistance rates in a farm environment, therefore conducting phage therapy in birds 1-2 days prior to slaughter could help to avoid resistance [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Campylobacter jejuni Phages: Challenges and Perspectives

Ushanov

Lasareishvili

Janashia

et al. 2020

Animals

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Bacteriophages (phages) are the most abundant and diverse biological entities in the biosphere. Due to the rise of multi-drug resistant bacterial strains during the past decade, phages are currently experiencing a renewed interest. Bacteriophages and their derivatives are being actively researched for their potential in the medical and biotechnology fields. Phage applications targeting pathogenic food-borne bacteria are currently being utilized for decontamination and therapy of live farm animals and as a biocontrol measure at the post-harvest level. For this indication, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved several phage products targeting Listeria sp., Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli. Phage-based applications against Campylobacter jejuni could potentially be used in ways similar to those against Salmonella sp. and Listeria sp.; however, only very few Campylobacter phage products have been approved anywhere to date. The research on Campylobacter phages conducted thus far indicates that highly diverse subpopulations of C. jejuni as well as phage isolation and enrichment procedures influence the specificity and efficacy of Campylobacter phages. This review paper emphasizes conclusions from previous findings instrumental in facilitating isolation of Campylobacter phages and improving specificity and efficacy of the isolates.

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Phage Biocontrol of Campylobacter jejuni in Chickens Does Not Produce Collateral Effects on the Gut Microbiota

Cited by 79 publications

References 59 publications

New and alternative strategies for the prevention, control, and treatment of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter

New and alternative strategies for the prevention, control, and treatment of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter

Development of a Lyophilization Process for Campylobacter Bacteriophage Storage and Transport

Application of Campylobacter jejuni Phages: Challenges and Perspectives

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