Electro-responsive dynamic hydrogels, which possess robust
mechanical
properties and precise spatiotemporal resolution, have a wide range
of applications in biomedicine and energy science. However, it is
still challenging to design and prepare electro-responsive hydrogels
(ERHs) which have all of these properties. Here, we report one such
class of ERHs with these features, based on the direct current voltage
(DCV)-induced rearrangement of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles,
where the rearrangement can tune the hydrogel networks that are originally
maintained by the SDS micelle-assisted hydrophobic interactions. An
enlarged mesh size is demonstrated for these ERHs after DCV treatment.
Given the unique structure and properties of these ERHs, hydrophobic
cargo (thiostrepton) has been incorporated into the hydrogels and
is released upon DCV loading. Additionally, these hydrogels are highly
stretchable (>6000%) and tough (507 J/m2), showing robust
mechanical properties. Moreover, these hydrogels have a high spatiotemporal
resolution. As the cross-links within our ERHs are enabled by the
non-covalent (i.e., hydrophobic) interactions, these
hydrogels are self-healing and malleable. Considering the robust mechanical
properties, precise spatiotemporal resolution, dynamic nature (e.g., injectable and self-healing), and on-demand drug delivery
ability, this class of ERHs will be of great interest in the fields
of wearable bioelectronics and smart drug delivery systems.