Perspectives regarding 50years of research on effects of tropospheric ozone air pollution on US forests

Karnosky, David F.; Skelly, J. M.; Percy, Kevin E.; Chappelka, Arthur H.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2006.08.043

Cited by 201 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 186 publications

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“…Ozone has been recognised as a pollutant causing damage to vegetation since the 1960s, and a research programme to quantify crop loss in North America was established during the 1970s (Karnosky et al, 2007;Adams et al, 1982). These early studies showed that reductions in exposure to ozone of 40 % would reduce the annual costs of ozone damage by USD 3 billion (at 1980 prices).…”

Section: Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropospheric ozone and its precursors from the urban to the global scale from air quality to short-lived climate forcer

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Ozone holds a certain fascination in atmospheric science. It is ubiquitous in the atmosphere, central to tropospheric oxidation chemistry, yet harmful to human and ecosystem health as well as being an important greenhouse gas. It is not emitted into the atmosphere but is a byproduct of the very oxidation chemistry it largely initiates. Much effort is focused on the reduction of surface levels of ozone owing to its health and vegetation impacts, but recent efforts to achieve reductions in exposure at a country scale have proved difficult to achieve owing to increases in background ozone at the zonal hemispheric scale. There is also a growing realisation that the role of ozone as a short-lived climate pollutant could be important in integrated air quality climate change mitigation. This review examines current understanding of the processes regulating tropospheric ozone at global to local scales from both measurements and models. It takes the view that knowledge across the scales is important for dealing with air quality and climate change in a synergistic manner. The review shows that there remain a number of clear challenges for ozone such as explaining surface trends, incorporating new chemical understanding, ozone-climate coupling, and a better assessment of impacts. There is a clear and present need to treat ozone across the range of scales, a transboundary issue, but with an emphasis on the hemispheric scales. New observational opportunities are offered both by satellites and small sensors that bridge the scales.

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Section: Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropospheric ozone and its precursors from the urban to the global scale from air quality to short-lived climate forcer

et al. 2015

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“…The phytotoxicity of ozone has been demonstrated for forest tree species since more than 50 yr (Karnosky et al, 2007 and references cited therein). Current evidence suggests that several global change drivers such as ozone concentration can also affect both constitutive and herbivoreinduced BVOCs production (Loreto et al, 2007;Vuorinen et al, 2005;Blande et al, 2007).…”

Section: E Bourtsoukidis Et Al: Ozone Stress As a Driving Force Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone stress as a driving force of sesquiterpene emissions: a suggested parameterisation

et al. 2012

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Abstract. Sesquiterpenes (C 15 H 24 ) are semi-volatile organic compounds emitted by vegetation and are of interest in atmospheric research because they influence the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere and contribute to the formation of secondary organic aerosols. However, little is known about their emission pattern and no established parameterisation is available for global emission models. The aim of this study is to investigate a Central European spruce forest and its emission response to meteorological and environmental parameters, looking for a parameterisation that incorporates heat and oxidative stress as the main driving forces of the induced emissions. Therefore, a healthy ca. 80 yr old Norway spruce (Picea abies) tree was selected and a dynamical vegetation enclosure technique was applied from April to November 2011. The emissions clearly responded to temperature changes with small variations in the β-factor along the year (β spring = 0.09 ± 0.01, β summer = 0.12± 0.02, β autumn = 0.11 ± 0.02). However, daily calculated values revealed a vast amount of variability in temperature dependencies ((0.02 ± 0.002) < β < (0.27 ± 0.04)) with no distinct seasonality.By separating the complete dataset in 10 different ozone regimes, we found that in moderately or less polluted atmospheric conditions the main driving force of sesquiterpene emissions is the temperature, but when ambient ozone mixing ratios exceed a critical threshold of (36.6 ± 3.9) ppb v , the emissions become primarily correlated with ozone. Considering the complete dataset, cross correlation analysis resulted in highest correlation with ambient ozone mixing ratios (CC O 3 = 0.63 ± 0.01; CC T = 0.47 ± 0.02 at t = 0 h for temperature) with a time shift 2-4 h prior to the emissions. An only temperature dependent algorithm was found to substantially underestimate the induced emissions (20 % of the measured; R 2 = 0.31). However, the addition of an ozone dependent term improved substantially the fitting between measured and modelled emissions (81 % of the modelled emissions could be explained by the measurements; R 2 = 0.63), providing confidence about the reliability of the suggested parameterisation for the spruce forest site investigated.

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“…Ozone (O 3 ) is currently the most important air pollutant that negatively affects growth of both agricultural and native species in most parts of the world (Ashmore, 2005;Benton et al, 2000;Clarke et al, 1990;Fuhrer and Booker, 2003;Karnosky et al, 2007;Krupa et al, 2001;Wang et al, 2007a). Limited measurements suggest that pre-industrial ground-level O 3 concentration ([O 3 ]) was about 10 ppb (Volz and Kley, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the impacts of current and future concentrations of surface ozone on crop yield with meta-analysis

Feng

Kobayashi

2009

Atmospheric Environment

297

153

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Perspectives regarding 50years of research on effects of tropospheric ozone air pollution on US forests

Cited by 201 publications

References 186 publications

Tropospheric ozone and its precursors from the urban to the global scale from air quality to short-lived climate forcer

Tropospheric ozone and its precursors from the urban to the global scale from air quality to short-lived climate forcer

Ozone stress as a driving force of sesquiterpene emissions: a suggested parameterisation

Assessing the impacts of current and future concentrations of surface ozone on crop yield with meta-analysis

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