Perspectives of chronic pain: An evaluative comparison of restrictive and comprehensive models.

Abstract

The authors compare theoretical perspectives of chronic pain using a restrictive comprehensive categorization. Four of the perspectives (mind-body dualism, psychological, radical operant--behavioral, and radical cognitive) are categorized as restrictive. The other 4 perspectives (International Association for the Study of Pain, gate control, nonradical operant--behavioral, and cognitive-behavioral) that incorporate multiple facets are categorized as comprehensive. On the basis of empirical support, practical application, and issues concerning potential research design problems, the restrictive perspectives could be rejected for not providing a model in which chronic pain can be thoroughly investigated. The comprehensive perspectives, however, demonstrate greater potential for serving that role. Nonetheless, the need for additional theory development by the comprehensive perspectives is noted.

Coping with chronic pain associated with cerebral palsy

“…In addition, an examination of the pain treatments received by these individuals indicated that their pain problems were often overlooked and under-treated (Engel et al, 2002(Engel et al, , 2003. That participants in Schwartz et al's (1999) study recognize that both psychological and physical factors can change their pain experience is consistent with cognitive-behavioural theories and contemporary biopsychosocial theories of pain (Novy et al, 1995). These theories hypothesize that how individuals respond to and cope with pain affects their adaptation (adjustment) to chronic pain.…”

“…To the extent that catastrophizing cognitions contribute to depressive symptoms specifi cally, and lower quality of life in general (and current biopsychosocial models of chronic pain hypothesize such a causal association (Novy et al, 1995), then the current fi ndings suggest that one of the most effective strategies for improving quality of life in adults with CP-related pain would be to help Turk, 2002), which teaches people to identify catastrophizing cognitions and replace them with more realistic and reassuring thoughts. There is a great deal of empirical support for the effi cacy of such treatments for reducing disability and depression among persons who present with pain as a primary complaint (Morley et al, 1999), although the effi cacy of such treatments for persons with CP-related pain or cognitive impairment have yet to be tested.…”

The Psychological Flexibility Model: A Basis for Integration and Progress in Psychological Approaches to Chronic Pain Management

“…Some may say that there is no single cognitive behavioral model of this type -this is a point we address. It is clear that there is what is called the "cognitive behavioral perspective" that has presented a framework for the therapy approach to chronic pain since its inception, 73 is regarded as a model, 66 and the term "cognitive behavioral model" certainly is used. 34 We intend TCB in this same vein.…”

Personality Dimensions in Schizophrenia: Associations with Symptoms and Coping Concurrently and 12 Months Later

“…Individual psychological differences are recognized as affecting the course and outcome of a wide range of severe and debilitating chronic illnesses [1][2][3][4] . First-person accounts [5,6] , case reports [7] , qualitative and quantitative research [8,9] collectively suggest that this is also true in schizophrenia.…”