Personality and prescription drug use/misuse among first year undergraduates

Chinneck, Annie; Thompson, Kara; Mahu, Ioan T.; Davis-MacNevin, Parnell; Dobson, Keith S.; Stewart, Sherry H.

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.07.001

Cited by 39 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…It predicts substance misuse (93) that is driven by a need for positive affect and psycho-stimulation (29). Previously, we found that SS predicted undergraduate stimulant misuse (45). Other studies also support a robust association between SS and adolescent alcohol misuse (74).…”

Section: Comparison With the Literaturesupporting

confidence: 50%

“…Traits from Pihl and Peterson's (25) four-factor personality vulnerability model have proven useful in predicting adolescent alcohol (42) and illicit drug use (43,44), emerging adult PD use (31,45), and adult PD use (30). This model has yet to be applied to adolescent PD misuse.…”

Section: Personality As a Risk Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To deal with zero-inflation, items were scored dichotomously (i.e., 1 = had used that PD class, 0 = had not). In keeping with our previous research (45), sedatives and tranquilizers were collapsed into a single category. The DEP-ADO has strong psychometrics and is available in both English (69) and French (80).…”

Section: Prescription Drug Misusementioning

confidence: 99%

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Personality to Prescription Drug Misuse in Adolescents: Testing Affect Regulation, Psychological Dysregulation, and Deviance Proneness Pathways

et al. 2021

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Background: Fifteen to 25-year-olds are the age group most likely to misuse prescription drugs. Few studies have tested theory-driven models of adolescent risk for prescription drug misuse. Moreover, rarely are distinct pathways to different forms of prescription drug misuse considered.Methods: We tested mediational paths from personality to mental health symptoms to prescription drug misuse, informed by etiological models of addiction. We specified pathways from particular personality traits to unique forms of prescription drug misuse via specific mental health symptoms. We used semi-longitudinal data collected across two waves of the Co-Venture Trial. Our sample included students from 31 Canadian high schools tested in Grade 9 (n = 3,024) and again in Grade 10 (n = 2,869; 95% retention). Personality (hopelessness, anxiety sensitivity, impulsivity, sensation seeking) was assessed in Grade 9. Mental health symptoms (depression, anxiety, ADHD, conduct disorder) and prescription drug misuse (opioids, sedatives/tranquilizers, stimulants) were assessed at both time points.Results: Consistent with the negative affect regulation model, hopelessness was specifically associated with opioid misuse via depressive symptoms, and anxiety sensitivity was specifically associated with sedative/tranquilizer misuse via anxiety symptoms. Consistent with positive affect regulation, sensation seeking was directly associated with stimulant misuse. Consistent with the psychological dysregulation model, impulsivity was associated with stimulant misuse via ADHD symptoms. And consistent with the deviance proneness model, impulsivity was also associated with unconstrained (i.e., all three forms of) prescription drug misuse via conduct disorder symptoms.Conclusions: Screening for adolescents high in hopelessness, anxiety sensitivity, sensation seeking, or impulsivity and providing them with personality-matched cognitive-behavioral interventions may be helpful in preventing or mitigating prescription drug misuse. Our results point to the specific mental health symptoms that are important to target in each of these personality-matched interventions.

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Section: Comparison With the Literaturesupporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Personality As a Risk Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Personality to Prescription Drug Misuse in Adolescents: Testing Affect Regulation, Psychological Dysregulation, and Deviance Proneness Pathways

et al. 2021

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“…In addition to outcome expectancies, impulsivity is one of the most useful personality-related predictors of NMUPD. Similar to findings related to other substances (e.g., DeWit, 2009), the broad construct of impulsivity has been associated with increased NMUPD among college students (Chinneck et al, 2018;Messina et al, 2014). Students with high levels of sensation seeking and lack of premeditation engage in more NMUPS (Lookatch, Dunne, & Katz, 2012).…”

Section: Behavioral and Personality Factorssupporting

confidence: 62%

Teaching About Nonmedical Use of Prescription Drugs Among College Students

Hoyer

Correia

2019

Teaching of Psychology

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The misuse of prescription medications has emerged as a national public health concern. Epidemiological studies suggest that college students are at an elevated risk to engage in nonmedical use of several medications, including stimulants and central nervous system depressants. Teachers can easily integrate material related to the nonmedical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD) into undergraduate psychology and statistics courses. Presenting this information provides an opportunity for teachers to address fundamental topics in ways that students tend to find interesting and personally relevant. We use this article to introduce a definition of NMUPD, present statistics on prevalence and a wide range of physical and psychological correlates among college students, and discuss risk and protective factors and motives for use. We also present a number of concrete examples of how teachers can use the material to illustrate basic concepts often included in statistics, research methods, and other psychology courses.

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“…5 Moreover, young adults’ consumption of prescription opioids has been shown to be mediated by externalizing and internalizing symptoms including anxiety sensitivity, hopelessness, and implusivity. 7 Canadian young people are already demonstrating elevated levels of alcohol and cannabis consumption and are arguably experiencing heightened psychological distress and vulnerability due to the pandemic. Youth may therefore engage in NMOU to cope with the unique and disruptive sociocultural and normative transitions they are facing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%