Persistent symptoms 1.5–6 months after COVID-19 in non-hospitalised subjects: a population-based cohort study

Stavem, Knut; Ghanima, Waleed; Olsen, Magnus Kringstad; Gilboe, Hanne Margrethe; Einvik, Gunnar

doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216377

Cited by 251 publications

(297 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Our knowledge regarding SARS-CoV-2-related symptoms is evolving [ 23 ]. Another population-based study found that, in a cohort of non-hospitalized subjects contacted for reporting persistent symptoms, 65% reported a loss of smell and 69% loss of taste at diagnosis and 12% reported loss of smell and 10% loss of taste a median of 117 days from disease diagnosis [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smell and Taste Loss Recovery Time in COVID-19 Patients and Disease Severity

Printza

Katotomichelakis

Valsamidis

et al. 2021

JCM

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A significant proportion of people infected with SARS-CoV-2 report a new onset of smell or taste loss. The duration of the chemosensory impairment and predictive factors of recovery are still unclear. We aimed to investigate the prevalence, temporal course and recovery predictors in patients who suffered from varying disease severity. Consecutive adult patients diagnosed to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 via reverse-transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at two coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) Reference Hospitals were contacted to complete a survey reporting chemosensory loss, severity, timing and duration, nasal symptoms, smoking, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, comorbidities and COVID-19 severity. In a cross-sectional study, we contacted 182 patients and 150 responded. Excluding the critically ill patients, 38% reported gustatory and 41% olfactory impairment (74% severe/anosmia). Most of the patients (88%) recovered their sense of smell by two months (median: 11.5 days; IQR: 13.3). For 23%, the olfactory loss lasted longer than a month. There were no significant differences in the prevalence and duration of chemosensory loss between groups of varying COVID-19 severity, and sexes (all p > 0.05). Moderate hyposmia resolved quicker than more severe loss (p = 0.04). Smell and taste loss are highly prevalent in COVID-19. Most patients recover fast, but nearly one out of ten have not recovered in two months.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smell and Taste Loss Recovery Time in COVID-19 Patients and Disease Severity

Printza

Katotomichelakis

Valsamidis

et al. 2021

JCM

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“…After about 5 weeks, we sent a postal reminder to non-respondents. Details of the study design have previously been reported [10].…”

Section: Survey Of Non-hospitalized Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Post-Traumatic Stress in Hospitalized and Non-Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients

Einvik

Dammen

Ghanima

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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This population-based study assessed the prevalence and determinants of symptom-defined post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a cohort of hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients about 1.5–6 months after their COVID-19 onset. The data were acquired from two mixed postal/web surveys in June–September 2020 from patients all aged ≥18 years with a positive polymerase chain reaction for severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) until 1 June 2020, comprising both hospitalized and non-hospitalized subjects. The catchment areas of the two included hospitals covers about 17% of the population of Norway. In total, 211 hospitalized and 938 non-hospitalized subjects received invitation. The prevalence of symptom-defined PTSD was assessed using the PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Determinants of symptom-defined PTSD and PTSD symptoms were analyzed using multivariable logistic and linear regression analysis. In total, 583 (51%) subjects responded at median 116 (range 41–200) days after COVID-19 onset. The prevalence of symptom-defined PTSD was 9.5% in hospitalized and 7.0% in non-hospitalized subjects (p = 0.80). Female sex, born outside of Norway, and dyspnea during COVID-19 were risk factors for persistent PTSD symptoms. In non-hospitalized subjects, previous depression and COVID-19 symptom load were also associated with persistent PTSD symptoms. In conclusion, COVID-19 symptom load, but not hospitalization, was associated with symptom-defined PTSD and PTSD symptom severity.

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“…1 The long-term outcome for these patients is unknown. However, recent studies indicate potential long-term complications ranging from disturbance of taste/ smell, 2 cough, 3 fatigue and dyspnoea [2][3][4][5] to more pronounced cardiac, 6 respiratory 3 4 7 and cognitive dysfunction. 3 7…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying patients at risk of post-discharge complications related to COVID-19 infection

Hall

Myall

Lam

et al. 2021

Thorax

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SARS-CoV-2 infection is a multisystem disease with post-discharge sequelae. We report early follow-up data from one UK hospital of the initial 200 hospital inpatients with slow recovery from the condition. At 4 weeks post-discharge, 321/957 survivors (34%) had persistent symptoms. A structured outpatient clinical assessment protocol was designed, and outcomes from the first 200 patients seen 4–6 weeks post-discharge are presented here. In 80/200 (40%), we identified at follow-up a cardiorespiratory cause of breathlessness, including persistent parenchymal abnormality (64 patients), pulmonary embolism (four patients) and cardiac complications (eight patients). These findings occurred both in patients who had intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and those who had been managed on the ward, although patients requiring ICU admissions were more likely to have a significant cardiorespiratory cause found for their breathlessness, risk ratio 2.8 (95% CI 1.5 to 5.1).

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Persistent symptoms 1.5–6 months after COVID-19 in non-hospitalised subjects: a population-based cohort study

Cited by 251 publications

References 8 publications

Smell and Taste Loss Recovery Time in COVID-19 Patients and Disease Severity

Smell and Taste Loss Recovery Time in COVID-19 Patients and Disease Severity

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Post-Traumatic Stress in Hospitalized and Non-Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients

Identifying patients at risk of post-discharge complications related to COVID-19 infection

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