Persistence of New Zealand Quaternary beetles

Marra, Maureen; Leschen, Richard A. B.

doi:10.1080/00288306.2011.599399

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…In contrast, the only other widespread NZ forest cicada, Kikihia subalpina, retains considerable geographic structure on NI (where it lives mainly in subalpine scrub), but limited structure on SI where it inhabits lowland forest [31]. Greater Pleistocene stability of NI habitats has been linked to persistence of beetle species (as inferred from fossils; [43]). It is possible that, for cicadas, additional factors are needed to explain why the forest taxa have been unable to survive in southern NZ during colder climate phases (see also [41]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited, episodic diversification and contrasting phylogeography in a New Zealand cicada radiation

et al. 2012

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BackgroundThe New Zealand (NZ) cicada fauna contains two co-distributed lineages that independently colonized the isolated continental fragment in the Miocene. One extensively studied lineage includes 90% of the extant species (Kikihia + Maoricicada + Rhodopsalta; ca 51 spp.), while the other contains just four extant species (Amphipsalta – 3 spp. + Notopsalta – 1 sp.) and has been little studied. We examined mitochondrial and nuclear-gene phylogenies and phylogeography, Bayesian relaxed-clock divergence timing (incorporating literature-based uncertainty of molecular clock estimates) and ecological niche models of the species from the smaller radiation.ResultsMitochondrial and nuclear-gene trees supported the monophyly of Amphipsalta. Most interspecific diversification within Amphipsalta-Notopsalta occurred from the mid-Miocene to the Pliocene. However, interspecific divergence time estimates had large confidence intervals and were highly dependent on the assumed tree prior, and comparisons of uncorrected and patristic distances suggested difficulty in estimation of branch lengths. In contrast, intraspecific divergence times varied little across analyses, and all appear to have occurred during the Pleistocene. Two large-bodied forest taxa (A. cingulata, A. zelandica) showed minimal phylogeographic structure, with intraspecific diversification dating to ca. 0.16 and 0.37 Ma, respectively. Mid-Pleistocene-age phylogeographic structure was found within two smaller-bodied species (A. strepitans – 1.16 Ma, N. sericea – 1.36 Ma] inhabiting dry open habitats. Branches separating independently evolving species were long compared to intraspecific branches. Ecological niche models hindcast to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) matched expectations from the genetic datasets for A. zelandica and A. strepitans, suggesting that the range of A. zelandica was greatly reduced while A. strepitans refugia were more extensive. However, no LGM habitat could be reconstructed for A. cingulata and N. sericea, suggesting survival in microhabitats not detectable with our downscaled climate data.ConclusionsUnlike the large and continuous diversification exhibited by the Kikihia-Maoricicada-Rhodopsalta clade, the contemporaneous Amphipsalta-Notopsalta lineage contains four comparatively old (early branching) species that show only recent diversification. This indicates either a long period of stasis with no speciation, or one or more bouts of extinction that have pruned the radiation. Within Amphipsalta-Notopsalta, greater population structure is found in dry-open-habitat species versus forest specialists. We attribute this difference to the fact that NZ lowland forests were repeatedly reduced in extent during glacial periods, while steep, open habitats likely became more available during late Pleistocene uplift.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited, episodic diversification and contrasting phylogeography in a New Zealand cicada radiation

et al. 2012

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“…Though efforts are ongoing to better assess current extinction risks in insects (Baillie et al., ; Clausnitzer et al., ; Collen et al., ), this situation will take time to produce useful comparative results for macroevolutionary biology. A similar situation exists for the study of Pleistocene insects (Marra & Leschen, ).…”

Section: Looking Backmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Some fossil studies continue to imply long insect species lifetimes (i.e., low extinction risk) by describing extant species from ancient deposits (Hörnschemeyer et al., ). In addition, very few Palaearctic insect species are known to have gone extinct during Pleistocene climate fluctuations (Langford et al., ; Larkin et al., ) and this seems also to be true of New Zealand beetles (Marra & Leschen, ). More geographically widespread studies of this nature are needed to tell whether such data are representative of Pleistocene extinction rates in insects.…”

Section: Proximate Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparative studies of insects in this regard may yet shed light on large‐scale macroevolutionary patterns related to climate, though geographic and taxonomic biases are likely to apply just as heavily here as in more general assessments of extinction risk in insects. It will be interesting to see whether these studies can also be reconciled with the persistence of Pleistocene insects in the Palaearctic and elsewhere (Marra & Leschen, ; Langford et al., ; Larkin et al., ).…”

Section: Ecology and Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Explaining global insect species richness: lessons from a decade of macroevolutionary entomology

Mayhew

2018

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The last 10 years have seen more research on insect macroevolution than all the previous years combined. Here, I summarize and criticise the claims that have been made by comparative phylogenetic and fossil studies, and identify some future opportunities. We know the fossil record and phylogeny of insects much better than we did 10 years ago. We cannot simply ascribe the richness of insects, or their subtaxa, to either age or diversification rate. There is evidence that fossil family richness peaked much earlier than previously suspected. Phylogenetic evidence, however, suggests that species‐level net diversification rates are accelerating, though this is highly variable across taxa, implying ongoing changes in global taxonomic composition. Although there is evidence that wings and metamorphosis have had some macroevolutionary effects, the most definitive broad phylogenetic study does not suggest that they directly elevated net diversification of species. There is little evidence that insect body size influences net diversification rate. Compared to other phyla, arthropod richness, of which insects comprise the major part, is best explained by non‐marine habit, presence of parasitic lifestyles, a skeleton, vision, and dioecy. Herbivory cannot yet robustly be said to increase diversification over other diets across all insects: there are contrary analyses, and effects differ in different taxa. Many phylogenetic studies now document how it sometimes does: from co‐speciation, to diffuse co‐evolution with host shifting. The last decade has shown that climate change and biogeographic processes are likely important in generating or limiting insect diversification, but there is a need for greater statistical rigour in such studies. There is also a need to understand the validity of some widely used statistical methods better, and to make better use of the data and methods that exist. Macroevolutionary entomology could greatly benefit from online data integration platforms to facilitate analyses of broader scope.

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Insects as Palaeoenvironmental and Archaeological Indicators

Engels¹,

Whitehouse²

2023

Handbook of Archaeological Sciences

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Persistence of New Zealand Quaternary beetles

Cited by 8 publications

References 43 publications

Limited, episodic diversification and contrasting phylogeography in a New Zealand cicada radiation

Limited, episodic diversification and contrasting phylogeography in a New Zealand cicada radiation

Explaining global insect species richness: lessons from a decade of macroevolutionary entomology

Insects as Palaeoenvironmental and Archaeological Indicators

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