Persistence of Feral Populations of Brassica napus Originated from Spilled Seeds around the Kashima Seaport in Japan

Mizuguti, Aki; Yoshimura, Y; Shibaike, Hiroyuki; Matsuo, Kazuhito

doi:10.6090/jarq.45.181

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A 10-year survey (1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002), along road verges of a motorway revealed that most quadrats showed transient populations lasting one to four years (Crawley and Brown, 2004). These data and those from other demographic studies indicate a substantial turnover of populations of feral oilseed rape: only a small percentage of populations occur at the same location over successive years, but the majority of plants did not survive, resulting in rapidly declining populations Brown, 1995, 2004;Charters et al, 1999;Peltzer et al, 2008;Elling et al, 2009;Knispel and McLachlan, 2010;Nishizawa et al, 2009;Mizuguti et al, 2011;Squire et al, 2011;Banks, 2014;Katsuta et al, 2015). Moreover, feral oilseed rape populations do not spread by gradual movement out from the sites of initial colonisation (Banks, 2014).…”

Section: Points Raisedmentioning

confidence: 64%

Scientific advice to the European Commission on the internal review submitted under Regulation (EC) No 1367/2006 on the application of the provisions of the Aarhus Convention against the Commission Implementing Decision 2015/687 to authorise genetically modified oilseed rape MON88302

2015

EFSA Supporting Publications

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Section: Points Raisedmentioning

confidence: 64%

Scientific advice to the European Commission on the internal review submitted under Regulation (EC) No 1367/2006 on the application of the provisions of the Aarhus Convention against the Commission Implementing Decision 2015/687 to authorise genetically modified oilseed rape MON88302

2015

EFSA Supporting Publications

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“…A 10-year survey (1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002), along road verges of a motorway revealed that most quadrats showed transient populations lasting one to four years (Crawley and Brown, 2004). These data and data from other demographic studies indicate a substantial turnover of populations of feral oilseed rape: only a small percentage of populations occurs at the same location over successive years, but the majority of plants did not survive, resulting in rapidly declining populations Brown, 1995, 2004;Charters et al, 1999;Peltzer et al, 2008;Elling et al, 2009;Knispel and McLachlan, 2009;Nishizawa et al, 2009;Mizuguti et al, 2011;Squire et al, 2011). However, if habitats are disturbed on a regular basis by anthropogenic activities such as mowing, herbicide applications or soil disturbance, or natural occurrences such as flooding, then feral populations can persist for longer periods (Claessen et al, 2005a;.…”

Section: Population Demography and Factors Contributing To Persistencementioning

confidence: 76%

Scientific Opinion on a request from the European Commission related to the prolongation of prohibition of the placing on the market of genetically modified oilseed rape event GT73 for import, processing and feed uses in Austria

Organisms¹

2012

EFSA Journal

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Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA GMO Panel) evaluated the documentation provided by Austria to support the prolongation of the safeguard clause measure prohibiting the placing on the market of the genetically modified oilseed rape event GT73 for import, processing and feed uses in Austria. The EFSA GMO Panel assessed whether the submitted documentation comprised new scientific information that would change or invalidate the conclusions of its previous risk assessments on oilseed rape GT73. The EFSA GMO Panel also considered the relevance of the concerns raised by Austria in the light of the most recent data published in the scientific literature. The authorised uses of oilseed rape GT73 exclude cultivation, but data on gene flow, persistence and invasiveness derived from cultivation were considered as a worst case, representing conditions where exposure and potential impact are expected to be the highest, to assess possible environmental impacts resulting from seed import spills. In the documentation provided by Austria and in the scientific literature, the EFSA GMO Panel could not identify new scientific evidence that indicates that the import and processing of oilseed rape GT73 for feed uses in the EU pose a significant and imminent risk to the environment. In conclusion, the EFSA GMO Panel considers that, based on the documentation supplied by Austria and a review of recent scientific literature, there is no specific scientific evidence in terms of risk to the environment that would support the notification of a safeguard clause measure under Article 23 of Directive 2001/18/EC nor its prolongation, and that would invalidate its previous risk assessments of oilseed rape GT73. Originally published at: Arpaia, Salvatore; Birch, Andrew N E; Chesson, Andrew; du Jardin, Patrick; Gatham, Achim; Gropp, Jürgen; Herman, Lieve; Hoen-Sorteberg, Hilde-Gunn; Jones, Huw; Kiss, Jozsef; Kleter, Gijs; Lagiou, Pagona; Messéan, Antoine; Naegeli, Hanspeter; Nielsen, Kaare Magne; Ovesna, Jaroslava; Perry, Joe; Rostoks, Nils; Tebbe, Christoph (2012). Scientific Opinion on a request from the European Commission related to the prolongation of prohibition of the placing on the market of genetically modified oilseed rape event GT73 for import, processing and feed uses in Austria. EFSA Journal, 10 (9) The EFSA GMO Panel assessed whether the documentation submitted by Austria comprised new scientific information that would change or invalidate the conclusions of its previous risk assessments on oilseed rape GT73. The EFSA GMO Panel also considered the relevance of the concerns raised by Austria in the light of the most recent data published in the scientific literature.During its evaluation of the supporting documentation, the EFSA GMO Panel observed that the scientific rationale provided by Austria to justify the prolongation of its safeguard clause measure includes data derived from cultivation. The authorised uses of oils...

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“…The feral plants probably originated from spillage of contaminated OSR seed from freight trains (Hecht et al, 2014;Schulze et al, 2014Schulze et al, , 2015. Spillage of GM OSR seeds along transportation routes was also confirmed in Japan where cultivation of GM OSR is also prohibited (Saji et al, 2005;Kawata et al, 2009;Nishizawa et al, 2009Nishizawa et al, , 2010Aono et al, 2011;Mizuguti et al, 2011), the United States (in North Dakota 80% of feral OSR proved to be GM: Schafer et al, 2011;Sagers et al, 2012) and Canada (Yoshimura et al, 2006;Knispel et al, 2008;Beckie and Warwick, 2010;Knispel and McLachlan, 2010). Consequently, transportation and handling activities during import of GM OSR are considered the main cause of unintended occurrence and establishment of feral GM OSR in countries without GM OSR cultivation.…”

Section: Oilseed Rape As a Model System For Seed Spillage Along Transmentioning

confidence: 83%

Spillage of Viable Seeds of Oilseed Rape along Transportation Routes: Ecological Risk Assessment and Perspectives on Management Efforts

et al. 2017

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Seed spillage during handling and transportation promotes establishment and invasion of feral crops into adjacent semi-natural habitats. This is also the case for oilseed rape (OSR, Brassica napus), where seed spillage may lead to establishment of herbicide resistant OSR populations in countries without cultivation of genetically modified OSR. Using data from Austria-where cultivation and import of genetically modified OSR are banned-as a prime example, we demonstrate that ports, oil mills, switchyards, and border railway stations to countries with different electric current systems-where trains have to stop-are the sites of primary concern with respect to seed spillage. Based on the results of the Austrian case study we discuss common measures to limit crop seed spillage which include intensified controls at border railway stations and the mode of seed packing during transportation. We further recommend sufficient cleaning both of goods wagons and of loading areas of trucks and ships as well as an appropriate weed management.Keywords: oilseed rape, transport, seed spillage, feral crop, invasion, mitigation measures, risk assessment, AustriaSeeds of arable crops are regularly spilled during transport and handling activities. These incidents cause intense management efforts and additional costs (Yoshimura et al., 2006). Moreover, the origin and establishment of feral populations along transportation routes contribute to the uncertainty concerning containment of genetically modified (GM) crops outside fields and could therefore interfere with a successful weed management. Here, we focus on oilseed rape (OSR, Brassica napus), a frequently spilled crop (Von der Lippe and Kowarik, 2007) with GM lines already in use, to identify spillage hot-spots due to transportation and handling, allowing us to develop perspectives on common management approaches.Spillage of OSR seeds has intensively been studied worldwide (e.g., Schafer et al., 2011), which makes OSR a primary model system in this context. We chose Austria as study region because this small country is situated in the center of Europe rendering it a nodal point for traffic and international goods carriage.

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Persistence of Feral Populations of Brassica napus Originated from Spilled Seeds around the Kashima Seaport in Japan

Cited by 27 publications

References 18 publications

Scientific advice to the European Commission on the internal review submitted under Regulation (EC) No 1367/2006 on the application of the provisions of the Aarhus Convention against the Commission Implementing Decision 2015/687 to authorise genetically modified oilseed rape MON88302

Scientific advice to the European Commission on the internal review submitted under Regulation (EC) No 1367/2006 on the application of the provisions of the Aarhus Convention against the Commission Implementing Decision 2015/687 to authorise genetically modified oilseed rape MON88302

Scientific Opinion on a request from the European Commission related to the prolongation of prohibition of the placing on the market of genetically modified oilseed rape event GT73 for import, processing and feed uses in Austria

Spillage of Viable Seeds of Oilseed Rape along Transportation Routes: Ecological Risk Assessment and Perspectives on Management Efforts

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