Perirenal fat is related to carotid intima-media thickness in children

Bassols, Judit; Martínez-Calcerrada, José-María; Prats‐Puig, Anna; Carreras‐Badosa, Gemma; Xargay-Torrent, Sílvia; Lizárraga-Mollinedo, Esther; Feliu-Alsina, M; Riera-Pérez, Elena; Osiniri, Inés; Zegher, Francis de; Ibáñez, Lourdes; López‐Bermejo, Abel

doi:10.1038/ijo.2017.236

Cited by 29 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Semi-automated edge detection programs have been suggested as a better approach to reduce variability in the measurement of cIMT ( 31 ). The reproducibility of measurement in the presented study was demonstrated with acceptable intra-observer variability, and well inside the limits compared to other studies ( 15 , 18 , 19 , 59 ) as it reflected the variability of actual separate measurements, contrary to off-line repetitive readings of the same image acquisition. Our study's cIMT measurement technique was fast to perform and well-tolerated in a pediatric population from 6 years of age on, and also in the adolescent age group ( 19 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“… Summary of the review of published data on cIMT in the pediatric population for studies reporting mean cIMT data for (A) 6–18-year age range ( 5 , 15 – 19 , 26 , 29 , 46 – 58 ), (B) under ten years ( 5 , 16 – 19 , 47 , 48 , 53 , 55 , 59 – 61 ), (C) 10–14 years ( 16 – 19 , 47 , 48 , 53 , 62 – 64 ), (D) 14–18-year age range ( 5 , 15 , 17 – 19 , 24 , 47 , 48 , 53 , 55 , 65 – 70 ). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Healthy Children and Adolescents: Normative Data and Systematic Literature Review

Torkar

Plesnik

Grošelj

et al. 2020

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Objectives: Early identification of children at risk of atherosclerosis is of paramount importance for implementing primary preventive measures addressing vascular health. Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is a non-invasive biomarker of atherosclerosis. Semiautomatic radiofrequency-based software-guided technique quality intima-media thickness (RF-QIMT) was used to determine cIMT normative values in a healthy cohort of Caucasian children aged 6 to 18 years.Study design: In a cross-sectional study, data on age, chronic illness, medication use, and pubertal status was acquired by a questioner. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were performed by standardized methods and trained medical personnel. cIMT of the right common carotid artery far wall (1 centimeter proximal to bifurcation) was determined using a multifrequency (3–13 MHz) electronic linear array transducer SL1543, a portable ultrasound device (MyLab Gamma Esaote, Genoa, Italy), and RF-QIMT software. A systematic review of the published normal cIMT in children was done using PRISMA methodology, and identified normative values were compared to those obtained in the presented study.Results: 1137 non-obese normotensive children (males: n = 512; mean age 12.04 ± 3.52 years, females: n = 625, mean age 12.98 ± 3.83 years) were included. Gender-, age-, and height-specific mean cIMT percentile tables, percentile charts, and LMS tables for the RF-QIMT method were provided. They were comparable to the previously published data on mean cIMT gained by other validated ultrasound imaging techniques. cIMT increased with age, height, hip circumference, and BMI and was higher in males.Conclusions: Gender-, age-, and height-specific normative cIMT values, using the semiautomatic software-guided RF-QIMT technique, in children aged 6 to 18 years were developed and validated in respect to the previously published pediatric normative cIMT data. It is suggested that the investigated method could be used for the estimation of atherosclerotic risk in children, especially in epidemiological studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Healthy Children and Adolescents: Normative Data and Systematic Literature Review

Torkar

Plesnik

Grošelj

et al. 2020

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…Our study may have not excluded subjects with spurious hypertension, but we could not determine central SBP because it is an invasive measurement. cIMT was only measured on the right artery; however, we have shown consistent results regarding the association of cIMT with CV risk in a number of manuscripts 39,40 . No external validations for the ultrasound measurements were performed; however, cIMT and renal size have been shown to be easily and reproducibly measured by ultrasound in numerous studies 41,42 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Renal size and cardiovascular risk in prepubertal children

Lizárraga-Mollinedo

Martínez-Calcerrada

Padrós-Fornieles

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Renal size is an important parameter for the evaluation and diagnosis of kidney disease and has been associated with several cardiovascular risk factors in patients with kidney failure. These results are however discordant and studies in healthy children are lacking. We aimed to study the association between renal size (length and volume) and cardiovascular risk parameters in healthy children. Clinical, analytical and ultrasound parameters [renal length, renal volume, perirenal fat and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT)] were determined in 515 healthy prepubertal children (176 lean, 208 overweight and 131 obese). Renal length and volume associated significantly and positively with several anthropometric and cardiovascular risk parameters including cIMT and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (all p < 0.001). Renal length and volume associated with cIMT and SBP in all study subgroups, but these associations were predominant in obese children, in whom these associations were independent after adjusting for age, gender and BSA (all p < 0.05). In multivariate analyses in the study subjects as a whole, renal length was an independent predictor of cIMT (β = 0.310, p < 0.0001) and SBP (β = 0.116, p = 0.03). Renal size associates with cIMT and SBP, independent of other well-established cardiovascular risk factors, and may represent helpful parameters for the early assessment of cardiovascular risk in children.

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“…Serum endocrine-metabolic parameters were measured using automated tests, as described before [23]. Serum glucose was measured by the hexokinase method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of metformin administration on endocrine-metabolic parameters, visceral adiposity and cardiovascular risk factors in children with obesity and risk markers for metabolic syndrome: A pilot study

Bassols

Martínez-Calcerrada

Osiniri³

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundMetformin treatment (1000–2000 mg/day) over 6 months in pubertal children and/or adolescents with obesity and hyperinsulinism is associated with a reduction in body mass index (BMI) and the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). We aimed to ascertain if long-term treatment (24 months) with lower doses of metformin (850 mg/day) normalizes the endocrine-metabolic abnormalities, improves body composition, and reduces the carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in pre-puberal and early pubertal children with obesity.MethodsA pilot double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 18 pre-puberal and early pubertal (Tanner stage I-II) children with obesity and risk markers for metabolic syndrome. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive metformin (850 mg/day) or placebo for 24 months. Clinical, biochemical (insulin, lipids, leptin, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP]), and imaging (body composition [dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging]) parameters as well as cIMT (ultrasonography) were assessed at baseline and at 6, 12, and 24 months.ResultsThe 12-month treatment tend to cause a reduction in weight standard deviation scores (SDS), BMI-SDS, leptin, leptin–to–high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin ratio, hsCRP, cIMT, fat mass, and liver fat in metformin-treated children compared with placebo. The effect of metformin on the reduction of BMI-SDS, leptin, leptin-to-HMW adiponectin ratio, hsCRP, and liver fat seemed to be maintained after completing the 24 months of treatment. No changes in insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR) or adverse effects were detected.ConclusionIn this pilot study, metformin treatment in pre-puberal and early pubertal children with obesity seemed to improve body composition and inflammation markers. Our data encourage the development of future fully powered trials using 850 mg/day metformin in young children, highlighting its excellent tolerance and potential long-term benefits.

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Perirenal fat is related to carotid intima-media thickness in children

Abstract: Perirenal fat is the main abdominal fat depot associated with cIMT, especially in overweight and obese children, and may thus represent a helpful parameter for assessing CV risk in the pediatric population.

Cited by 29 publications

References 46 publications

Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Healthy Children and Adolescents: Normative Data and Systematic Literature Review

Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Healthy Children and Adolescents: Normative Data and Systematic Literature Review

Renal size and cardiovascular risk in prepubertal children

Effects of metformin administration on endocrine-metabolic parameters, visceral adiposity and cardiovascular risk factors in children with obesity and risk markers for metabolic syndrome: A pilot study

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