Peripheral nerve injury grading simplified on MR neurography: As referenced to Seddon and Sunderland classifications

Chhabra, Avneesh; Ahlawat, Shivani; Belzberg, Allan J.; Andreseik, Gustav

doi:10.4103/0971-3026.137025

Cited by 151 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…Also, the prognosis is dependent on the age of the patient, location of the lesion-distal fare better than proximal lesions-and also demographics [42]. In terms of nerve electrical signal and electrophysiology, the absence of electrical conduction may not indicate severe nerve damage, since conduction may be recovered after just 1 week.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scars are associated with pain and nerve conduction impairment and may require reconstructive surgery. Type V Sunderland classification corresponds to neurotmesis [30,42]. Finally, Mackinnon and Dellon [44] described a mixed type of lesion degree, a Type VI addition to the Sunderland classification.…”

Section: Nerve Injury Gradingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neurotmesis comprehends the anatomical and physiological section of the axons and connective tissues. Therefore, no spontaneous regeneration may occur and needs surgical reconstruction [30,42]. Sunderland later expanded this classification by including five types of injury, based on histological knowledge that allowed further distinction between axonotmesis injuries [25,43].…”

Section: Nerve Injury Gradingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scaffolds for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration, the Importance of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies for the Development of Cell-Based Therapies and Biomaterials: State of the Art

Pedrosa¹,

Caseiro²,

Santos³

et al. 2017

Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering - Materials, Technologies and Clinical Applications

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Human adult peripheral nerve injuries are a high incidence clinical problem that greatly affects patients' quality of life. Although peripheral nervous system has intrinsic regenerative capacity, this occurs in an incomplete or poorly functional manner. When a nerve fiber loses its continuity with consequent damage of the basal lamina tubes, axon spontaneous regeneration is disorganized and mismatched. These phenomena translate in an inadequate nerve functional recovery and consequent musculoskeletal incapacity. Nerve grafts still remain the gold standard in peripheral injuries treatment. However, this approach contains its disadvantages such as the necessity of primary surgery to harvest the autografts, loss of a functional nerve, donor site morbidity and longer surgery procedures. Therefore, biomaterials and tissue engineering can provide efficient resources and alternatives to nerve injury repair not only by the development of biocompatible structures but also, introducing neurotrophic factors and cellular systems to stimulate optimum clinical outcome. In this chapter, a comprehensive state-of-the art picture of tissue-engineered nerve grafts scaffolds, their application in nerve regeneration along with latest advances in peripheral nerve repair and future perspectives will be discussed, including our own large experience in this field of knowledge.

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Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nerve Injury Gradingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nerve Injury Gradingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scaffolds for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration, the Importance of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies for the Development of Cell-Based Therapies and Biomaterials: State of the Art

Pedrosa¹,

Caseiro²,

Santos³

et al. 2017

Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering - Materials, Technologies and Clinical Applications

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“…BT ve MRG periferik siniri çevre yapılardan ayırt etme ve çözüm-lemede bazı yetersizliklere sahip olduğu için MR nörografi tekniği (MRN) geliştirilmiştir. 22 MRN, boyun ve ekstremitede normal ve anormal yapıdaki periferik sinirlerin gerçek şekilde görüntülenmesin sağlar. Özellikle travmatik lezyonların ayırdedilmesinde yararlıdır.…”

Section: Periferik Sinir Yaralanmalarında Görüntülemeunclassified

Di̇ş Heki̇mli̇ği̇nde Peri̇feri̇k Si̇ni̇r Yaralanmalari Ve Tedavi̇si̇

Er¹,

Duygu²,

Çanakçi³

et al. 2015

Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi

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ÖZDiş hekimliğinde periferik sinir yaralanmaları, rutin işlemler sırasında, cerrahi uygulamalarda veya travma sonucunda sıklıkla karşılaşılan olgulardır. Sinirin yapısı ve sinir hasarı mekanizmaları konusunda bilgi sahibi olmak, doğru teşhis ve tedavi için oldukça önemlidir. Sinir yaralanmalarının tedavisi, temel olarak medikal tedavi ve cerrahi tedavi olarak ikiye ayrılır. Medikal tedavinin sonuç vermediği hastalarda, muhtemel cerrahi tedavi için seçenek ve sonuçlarını bilmek, bu kritik komplikasyonda, doğru zamanlama ve uygulama açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı; diş hekimliği klinik uygulamalarında karşılaşıla-bilecek periferik sinir yaralanmaları sebeplerini hatırlamak ve mevcut kitap bilgileri ile güncel literatür bilgilerini harmanlayarak bu önemli komplikasyon hakkında bilgi sahibi olmaktır. Anahtar kelimeler: diş hekimliği; medikal tedavi; periferik sinir yaralanması; sinir cerrahisi GĠRĠġSinir sistemi iç ve dış ortamda oluşan değişik-liklere ani yanıtın oluşturulduğu sistemdir. İç ortamda oluşan değişiklikleri düz kas, kalp kası ve salgı bezlerine gönderdiği emirlerle düzenleyip kontrol ederken; dış ortamda oluşan değişikliklere iskelet kaslarına emir göndererek yanıt verir. 1 İnsan vücudunda, sinir sistemi; merkezi sinir sistemi (MSS) ve periferik (çevresel) sinir sistemi (PSS) olarak iki kısımda incelenir.PSS'yi oluşturan sinirler horizontal kesitte içten dışa doğru incelendiğinde en dışta arter, ven ve lenfa- ABSTRACTPeripheral nerve injuries are frequently seen during routine procedures, surgical operations or after traumas in dentistry. Knowledge about the structure of the nerve tissue and nerve damage mechanisms is important for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Management of nerve injury is basically divided in two as medical and surgical treatment. It has a great importance to be aware of surgical treatment options and their possible results for correct timing and treatment in patients who do not respond to medical therapy. The purpose of this review is to to have information about peripheral nerve injuries and recent treatment approaches in clinical dental practice combining the book information and current literature. Key words: dentistry; peripheral nerve injury; medical treatment; surgical treatment tiklerin bulunduğu gevşek yapısı ile siniri dış etkenlere karşı koruyan epinöriyum tabakası görülür. Hemen altındaki perinöriyum, fasikül adı verilen akson demetlerini saran kuvvetli bir bağ dokusu olup, travma ve iskemiye karşı çok dayanıklıdır ve bu bariyerin bozulması halinde sinir iletimi önemli ölçüde etkilenir. Endonöriyum ise sinir liflerini çevreleyen gevşek bağ dokusu olup, içerisinde aksonlar, Schwann hücreleri, kollajen lifler, fibroblastlar, kapiller damarlar ve az sayıda mast hücresi ile makrofajlar vardır. Fasikül ise periferik sinirin en küçük anatomik birimi olup, cerrahi olarak diseke edilebilir ve görülebilir. 2

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“…The function of these nerves has been reported to recover after damage, but with greater difficulty when the Original Article doi:10.2209/tdcpublication. nerve is completely ruptured 4) . The process of nerve regeneration from peripheral nerve injury has been investigated using morphological methods 23) , genetic modification 13) , and application of iPS cells 37) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) Isoform Expression after Peripheral Nerve Transection in Mice

Kikuchi

Ambe

Kon³

et al. 2018

Bull. Tokyo Dent. Coll.

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Localization of the nitric oxide (NO)-producing enzyme, nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and its functions are currently being investigated in several tissues and organs. It has been suggested that NO is involved in nerve cell death and the development of neurodegenerative disease. The purpose of this study was to immunohistochemically investigate expression of NOS to clarify its function in the degeneration and regeneration of transected mouse sciatic nerve. Scattered neuronal NOS (nNOS)-positive Schwann cells observed on the central side of the stump on day 1 after transection showed an increase in number on day 7. None were observed at the stump on day 14, however. Expression of nNOS was observed in axons extending from the stump. The number of nNOS-positive axons increased on day 21. Inducible NOS was expressed in inflammatory cells at the stump on day 1. This positive reaction subsequently weakened by day 7, however. Endothelial NOS was expressed in blood vessels at the stump on day 7, but decreased thereafter. The results of the present study suggest that NO is involved in the proliferation and migration of Schwann cells, as well as in axon regeneration at an early stage following nerve transection.

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Peripheral nerve injury grading simplified on MR neurography: As referenced to Seddon and Sunderland classifications

Cited by 151 publications

References 29 publications

Scaffolds for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration, the Importance of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies for the Development of Cell-Based Therapies and Biomaterials: State of the Art

Scaffolds for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration, the Importance of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies for the Development of Cell-Based Therapies and Biomaterials: State of the Art

Di̇ş Heki̇mli̇ği̇nde Peri̇feri̇k Si̇ni̇r Yaralanmalari Ve Tedavi̇si̇

Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) Isoform Expression after Peripheral Nerve Transection in Mice

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