Peripheral blood cytokines as potential diagnostic biomarkers of suicidal ideation in patients with first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder

Abstract

ObjectiveMajor Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability, with a high risk of suicidal ideation (SI). Few studies have evaluated the potential of multiple cytokines as biomarkers for SI in patients with MDD. In the present study, we examined the serum levels of multiple cytokines in patients with first-episode drug-naïve MDD, with the aim to discover and identify serum cytokines-based biomarkers for identification of SI in MDD.MethodsA total of 55 patients with first-episode drug-naïve MDD were enrolled and divided into two groups: 26 MDD patients without SI and 29 MDD patients with SI. Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation was used to estimate SI. A total of 37 cytokines were measured using Multiplex Luminex Assays. The levels of serum cytokines between MDD patients without SI and MDD patients with SI were compared and diagnostic values of different cytokines were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve method for discriminating MDD patients with SI from MDD patients without SI. The relationship between the group and the abnormal cytokines were investigated in multiple linear regression models, with adjustments for age, gender, BMI, smoking, and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-24 (HAMD-24) scores.ResultsThe levels of CCL26 and VEGF in MDD patients with SI were significantly lower than those in MDD patients without SI (all P < 0.05). On the contrary, the levels of IL-17C, CXCL10, and TNF-β in MDD patients with SI were significantly higher than those in MDD patients without SI (all P < 0.05). Moreover, the results of multiple linear regression revealed that group was a significant independent predictor of serum IL-17C, CCL-26, VEGF, and TNF-β levels (all P < 0.05). In terms of CXC10, group was also likely to be a significant independent predictor (β = 0.257, P = 0.063). Furthermore, the AUC values of IL-17C and TNF-β were 0.728 and 0.732, respectively. Additionally, a combined panel of IL-17C and TNF-β achieved a high accuracy in discriminating MDD patients with SI from MDD patients without SI (AUC = 0.848, sensitivity = 75.9%, specificity = 72.7%).ConclusionsThese results suggested that circulating IL-17C and TNF-β may hold promise in the discovery of biomarkers for identification of SI in MDD.

Mediation effect of neuroticism on the causal association between serum albumin and suicidal ideation in depressed patients: a Mendelian randomization study

“…Several studies found that the deficiency of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is associated with both depression symptom, neuroticism, and suicide (Conklin et al, 2007;Fujiwara & Amisaki, 2013;Pompili et al, 2017). In addition, serum albumin is also involved in the inflammatory system (Lindqvist et al, 2017), while abnormal inflammatory markers are strongly associated with suicidal ideation in depressed patients (Ekinci & Ekinci, 2017;Xu et al, 2022). Individuals with high neuroticism also show elevated levels of this inflammatory cytokine (Sutin et al, 2010).…”

Model prediction of suicidal behavior in first hospitalization patients with major depression disorder: a cross-sectional study based on a large sample

“…Previously, some investigators had similarly attempted to construct feasible predictive models for SB in the target population of their concern. Yayun Xu and her colleagues attempted to use peripheral blood in ammatory cytokines to construct a SB model to distinguish MDD populations and found that the combination of interleukin-17C and tumor necrosis factor-beta had high accuracy (AUC = 0.848) [39]. Pu Peng and his team reported from a network perspective that the predictability of the correlation stability coe cient as the target variable is 0.53 for PSS, 0.50 for HAMA, and 0.45 for HAMD [28].…”

Polymorphism rs754203 in Gene CYP46A1 Is a Potential Suicide Risk Biomarker in Major Depressive Disorder

“…Recently a study has calculated a suicide prevalence of 8.76 per 100,000 inhabitants in Mexico and previous reports have estimated 804,000 annual suicides worldwide (Cabello-Rangel et al, 2020). Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is one of the most common mental disorders, affecting over 320 million people worldwide, and has been associated with an increased risk of suicidal ideation (SI), suicide attempts (SA), and completed suicide (Liu et al, 2022;Xu et al, 2022).…”