Periodontitis May Increase the Risk of Peripheral Arterial Disease

Chen, Yi-Wen; Umeda, Makoto; Nagasawa, Toshiyuki; Takeuchi, Yasuo; Huang, Yi; Inoue, Yasuhiro; Iwai, Takehisa; Izumi, Yuichi; Ishikawa, Isao

doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2007.08.016

Cited by 113 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Jurisic et al reported that the concentration of TNF-α is signifi cantly increased in radicular cysts in terms of cyst wall thickness, count of infl ammatory cells, degree of vascularization per mm 2 and other epithelial characteristics [25]. In contrast, other studies have detected no increase in the TNF-α level in the serum of patients with periodontitis [26]. Therefore, the suppression of TNF-α release and increase of IL-10 production may protect tissues in the infl ammation focus [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cytokine production by leukocytes in patients with periodontitis

et al. 2014

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AbstractIn the present study, we investigated the relation between clinical parameters and levels of interleukin (IL) -4 and -5, and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the leukocyte incubation medium (LIM) obtained from 26 patients with chronic periodontitis (P) and 26 control group subjects (C). The levels of cytokines IL-4 and IL -5 produced by the LIM stimulated with non-opsonised E. coli were determined using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method and the levels of TNF-α were evaluated by applying Enzyme Amplified Sensitivity Immunoassay (EASIA). TNF-α levels in stimulated LIM were strongly positively correlated with clinical parameters such as the pocket probing depths (PPD), the clinical attachment level (CAL), the bleeding on probing (BOP) and oral hygiene index (OHI), whereas the IL-4 and IL-5 levels in the analogous medium were strongly negatively correlated with the clinical parameters. IL-4 and IL-5 levels in stimulated LIM of P group patients were significantly lower, whereas TNF-α levels were significantly higher than that in analogous medium of C group subjects. These differences were associated with the severity of periodontal disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cytokine production by leukocytes in patients with periodontitis

et al. 2014

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“…39 Examples include interleukin 1 beta (IL 1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), CRP and neutrophils. 41,42 Chronic inflammation associated with bacterial plaque is predominantly caused by gram-negative bacteria. After the inflammatory stimulus there is increased production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), which lead to extracellular destruction of the gingiva and the periodontal ligament, stimulating resorption of alveolar bone.…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Periodontal Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is then recruitment of monocytes, and increase in expression of endothelial adhesion molecules and increased uptake of lipids by macrophages. 41 The bacterial agents most frequently identified in atherosclerotic plaques are Porphyromonas gingivalis (32%); Aggregatibacter actinomycetencomitans (4%); Prevotella intermédia (20%), and Treponema denticola (32%). Administration of systemic antibiotics to patients with periodontitis resulted in reductions in the levels of systemic markers of inflammation.…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Periodontal Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal disease and atherosclerosis

et al. 2014

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Atherosclerotic disease (AD) is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. It expresses inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and can provoke arterial wall thickening, which can be evaluated using Doppler ultrasound. Risk factors associated with AD include diabetes mellitus, systemic arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia and smoking. More recently, periodontal disease (PD) has been identified as a factor related to AD. Periodontal disease has a high prevalence in the global population and the inflammatory process and bacterial activity at the periodontium appear to increase the risk of AD. Encouraging good oral hygiene can reduce expression of inflammatory markers of AD. A review of literature on PD, AD and inflammatory markers and the interrelationships between the two diseases was conducted using data published in articles indexed on the PUBMED, SCIELO and BIREME databases.Keywords: periodontal disease; atherosclerosis; carotid intima-media thickness. ResumoA doença aterosclerótica (DA) constitui uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade no mundo. A sua expressão laboral pode ser através de marcadores inflamatórios, como a proteína C reativa (PCR) e/ou o espessamento da parede arterial, que pode ser analisado pela ultrassonografia com Doppler colorido. Os fatores de risco associados à DA são o diabetes mellitus, a hipertensão arterial sistêmica, a dislipidemia e o tabagismo. Mais recentemente, a doença periodontal (DP), que tem uma elevada prevalência na população mundial, tem sido considerada um fator relacionado ao desenvolvimento da DA, em que o processo inflamatório e a atividade bacteriana no periodonto parecem aumentar o risco para a DA. A motivação da higiene oral pode diminuir a expressão dos marcadores inflamatórios da DA. Com base em dados publicados em revistas eletrônicas e indexados pelos mecanismos de busca PUBMED, SCIELO e BIREME, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura sobre a DP e a DA, além dos marcadores inflamatórios expressos em ambas as doenças e suas possíveis inter-relações.

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“…In particular, studies have reported the relationship between periodontal disease and CVD based on incidence or mortality [3,4]. Continuing studies [5][6][7][8] have revealed that periodontal disease is another important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The host-mediated inflammatory response to periodontal pathogens and their components, release of matrix metalloproteinases, alteration in lipoprotein metabolism and poor dietary habits may contribute to the atheroma pathogenesis in patients with periodontal disease [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditionally, the total number of WBC in peripheral blood has been used as a diagnostic measure to investigate whether a given individual suffers from an infection or inflammatory disease [11]. Studies have reported the relation between periodontal disease and inflammatory markers including CRP level [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] and WBC count [18,19]. Additionally, many clinical periodontal parameters were included, such as the number of missing teeth, clinical attachment level (CAL), periodontal probing depth (PD) and bleeding on probing (BOP), to determine the effect on systemic biomarkers, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal parameters and tooth loss were associated with Creactive protein and leukocyte counts in adult population aged 50 or older

et al. 2017

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·············································································································································································The association between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has received considerable attention. This study investigated the correlation between tooth loss (the chief clinical parameter of periodontal disease) and systemic biomarkers of CVD, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and leukocyte (WBC) counts, in Koreans aged 50 years or older. A cross-sectional data of 5,322 participants was obtained from the 2008 to 2010 Dong-gu Study. Oral examination, survey questionnaire, physical examination, and biochemical assessments were performed. Oral examinations were completed in all dentate participants, and included the percentage of sites with ≥ 4 mm of probing depth (PD4%), clinical attachment level ≥ 4 mm (CAL4%), and bleeding on probing (BOP%). The number of missing teeth was categorized as 0-7, 8-15, 16-31, and edentulous. The serum CRP levels and WBC counts were assessed. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed after adjusting for other potential confounders, to evaluate the association between the clinical parameters of periodontal disease, CRP levels and WBC counts. In the fully adjusted model, PD4%, BOP% and the number of missing teeth positively correlated with the CRP levels (p < 0.05), but CAL4% did not. The PD4%, CAL4%, and BOP% (p < 0.05) were concomitant with the WBC counts, but the number of missing teeth was not. The clinical parameters of periodontal disease and tooth loss directly correlated with CRP levels and WBC count in adults aged 50 years and above. This association indicates the potential significance of periodontal inflammatory burden for systemic inflammation.

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Periodontitis May Increase the Risk of Peripheral Arterial Disease

Abstract: This study suggests that periodontitis may be associated with an increased risk of PAD. This association could result from the increased concentration of serum inflammatory cytokines in those with periodontitis.

Cited by 113 publications

References 35 publications

Cytokine production by leukocytes in patients with periodontitis

Cytokine production by leukocytes in patients with periodontitis

Periodontal disease and atherosclerosis

Periodontal parameters and tooth loss were associated with Creactive protein and leukocyte counts in adult population aged 50 or older

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