Perinatal transmission and manifestation of hepatitis C virus infection in a high risk population

Paccagnini, S.; Principi, Nicola; Massironi, E; Tanzi, Elisabetta; Romanò, Luisa; Muggiasca, Maria Luisa; Ragni, Maria Clotilde; Salvaggio, L

doi:10.1097/00006454-199503000-00005

Cited by 162 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This is consistent with the findings of other studies [8,27,[36][37][38]. Many but not all studies [36,39] suggest an association between higher concentrations of HCV RNA and a greater risk of MTCT of HCV [38,[40][41][42]. We observed that mothers of HCV-infected infants had a higher mean log 10 HCV VL than mothers of uninfected infants, although it was not statistically significant (P = .0961).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Among HIV/HCV-Coinfected Women

Cabot

Stoszek

Quarleri

et al. 2012

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. Maternal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection has been associated with increased hepatitis C virus (HCV) mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). We hypothesized that HCV/HIVcoinfected women with well-controlled HIV disease would not have increased HCV MTCT. Methods. The NISDI Perinatal and LILAC cohorts enrolled HIV-infected pregnant women and their infants in Latin America and the Caribbean. This substudy evaluated the HCV infection status of mothers at participating sites and their live born, singleton infants who had a 6-month postnatal visit by December 31, 2008. Mothers who were anti-HCV-positive, or who had CD4 counts (cells/mm 3 ) <200 with detectable HCV RNA, were considered HCV-infected. All HCV-infected women were tested for HCV RNA. Infants with HCV RNA were considered HCV-infected. Results. Of 1042 enrolled women, 739 (71%) mother-infant pairs met the inclusion criteria. Of the 739 women, 67 (9%) were anti-HCV-positive and 672 anti-HCV-negative [68 (10%) with CD4 counts <200; of these, 3 (4.4%) were HCV RNA-positive]. Therefore, our study population comprised 70 HCV-infected (47 with HCV RNA) and 669 HCV-uninfected women (and their infants). Factors associated with maternal HCV infection included unemployment (odds ratio [OR] = 2.58

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The present data contribute to our understanding of the epidemiology of MTCT of HCV among HIV-coinfected mothers in Latin America and the Caribbean [42,[53][54][55][56][57]. Most infants who are chronically infected with HCV will initially have asymptomatic infections without significant liver disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Among HIV/HCV-Coinfected Women

Cabot

Stoszek

Quarleri

et al. 2012

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some studies suggest that motherto-infant transmission of HCV is more likely to occur with vaginal delivery. [33][34][35]38 Other studies do not confirm this finding. 15,27,28,30 Moreover, in some of the studies indicating increased risk with vaginal delivery, the difference fell short of statistical significance, including a large European study where mode of delivery was known for 1,400 infants.…”

Section: Factors Correlating With Mother-to-infant Transmission Of Hcvmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Co-infection with HIV has consistently been associated with greater likelihood of transmitting HCV to the newborn infant. 24,30,[34][35][36][37][38] There was no increased rate of transmission of HCV to infants of HIV co-infected women in the large cohort reported by Conte et al, 28 but all of these mothers had received antiretroviral treatment during pregnancy, an observation which suggests that HIV infection in HIV/HCV co-infected women should be treated aggressively to reduce the risk of mother-to-infant HCV infection.…”

Section: Factors Correlating With Mother-to-infant Transmission Of Hcvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus infection

2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is comparatively uncommon. The prevalence of antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) in pregnant women is 0.1% to 2.4%, although in some endemic areas it is much higher. The proportion of women with anti-HCV who have active infection with viremia is 60% to 70%. Transmission of HCV occurs only when serum HCV RNA is detectable and may be related to higher levels (above 10 6 copies per mL). M aternal and child health issues relating to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have recently assumed greater importance than ever before. From the pediatric perspective, the availability of effective screening methods for HCV has virtually eliminated new cases of transfusion-associated hepatitis C in children. Consequently, childhood acquisition of HCV infection through maternal-infant transmission has become the most important mode of spread. 1 Vertical, or more precisely, mother-to-infant hepatitis C will likely be the major type of childhood chronic hepatitis C within the next 6 to 8 years. It has been difficult to determine the rate of mother-to-infant transmission, partly because reports of mother-to-infant transmission of HCV have been based on small numbers of patients, with differing disease definitions, followed with different study designs and using different virological assays. These reports tended to be heterogeneous and conflicting. Moreover, factors that promote mother-to-infant transmission and the outcome of chronic HCV infection acquired by this route still require clarification. Likewise, for women of child-bearing age who acquired chronic hepatitis C in childhood or in early adulthood, there are important issues relating to pregnancy itself, such as its effect on the disease course of chronic hepatitis C. Prevalence of Hepatitis C Among Pregnant WomenNumerous studies have examined the prevalence of hepatitis C among pregnant women (Table 1). The studies vary considerably in terms of the size of the study, geographic variables, and adequacy of laboratory testing. In general, the prevalence of detectable antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) is approximately 1% overall (range, 0.1% to 2.4%), based on the studies that included at least 3,000 subjects. The mean Abbreviations: HCV, hepatitis C virus; anti-HCV, antibody to HCV; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.

show abstract

“…In studies that followed up infants born to women coinfected with HCV and HIV, the average rate of perinatal infection (14%; range, 5% to 36%) was higher than that among infants born to women with HCV infection alone. 22,23,[27][28][29] This difference may be attributable to higher titers of HCV in coinfected women, because two studies have suggested that the risk of perinatal transmission is related to the maternal titer of HCV RNA. 24,25 Acquisition of HCV infection from human milk has not been documented, 30,31 although HCV RNA has been detected in human milk.…”

Section: Maternal-infant Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C Virus Infection

1998

Pediatrics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has become the most significant cause of chronic liver disease of infectious etiology in the United States. The recognition that HCV can be transmitted perinatally or through blood transfusions warrants particular attention by the pediatrician. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends screening infants born to HCV-infected mothers and persons with risk factors for HCV infection such as injection drug use, transfusion of >1 U of blood or blood products before 1992, or hemodialysis should be screened for anti-HCV. Also, persons who received clotting factor concentrates before 1987, when effective inactivation procedures were introduced, also should be screened. Guidelines for counseling families of HCVinfected children are provided.ABBREVIATIONS. HCV, hepatitis C virus; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; anti-HCV, antibody to HCV; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; PCR, polymerase chain reaction.

show abstract

Perinatal transmission and manifestation of hepatitis C virus infection in a high risk population

Cited by 162 publications

References 0 publications

Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Among HIV/HCV-Coinfected Women

Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Among HIV/HCV-Coinfected Women

Maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus infection

Hepatitis C Virus Infection

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About