Perinatal development of melanopsin expression in the mouse retina

González-Menéndez, Irene; Contreras, Felipe; García-Fernández, José M.; Cernuda-Cernuda, Rafael

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2011.08.061

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Brn3a is a reliable, efficient ex vivo marker that is uniquely expressed by RGCs contributing to the principal thalamocollicular visual pathway, but it does not appear to be associated with the accessory optic and circadian system (Quina et al,2005). A recent publication of González‐Menéndez et al (2011) shows no colocalization of Brn3a and melanopsin in embryonic retinae. Brn3b, which is necessary for the correct differentiation and survival of RGC, but not their initial developmental specification, is expressed by nearly all RGCs (Gan et al,1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Heterogeneity of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells in the mouse revealed by molecular phenotyping

Karnas

Mordel

Bonnet

et al. 2013

J of Comparative Neurology

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Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell (ipRGC) types can be distinguished by their dendritic tree stratification and intensity of melanopsin staining. We identified heavily stained melanopsin-positive M1 cells branching in the outermost part of the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and weakly melanopsin-positive M2 cells branching in the innermost layer of the IPL. A third type can be distinguished by the displacement of the soma to the inner nuclear layer and has morphological similarities with either M1 cells or M2 cells, and is termed here displaced or M-d cells. The aim of the present study was to examine the phenotypic traits of ipRGC types. Using whole retinae from adult mice, we performed immunohistochemistry using melanopsin immunostaining and a number of antibodies directed against proteins typically expressed in retinal ganglion cells. The majority of M1 and M2 ipRGCs expressed Isl-1, microtubule associated protein-2 (MAP2), γ-synuclein, and NeuN, whereas Brn3 transcription factor and the different neurofilaments (NF68, NF160, NF200) were able to discriminate between ipRGC subtypes. Brn3 was expressed preferentially in M2 cells and in a small subpopulation of weakly melanopsin-positive M-d cells with similarities to M2 cells. All three neurofilaments were primarily expressed in large M2 cells with similarities to the recently described alpha-like M4 cells, but not in M1 cells. Expression of NF68 and NF160 was also observed in a few large M-d ipRGCs. These findings show that ipRGCs are not a phenotypically homogenous population and that specific neuronal markers (Brn3 and neurofilament) can partly distinguish between different ipRGC subtypes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Heterogeneity of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells in the mouse revealed by molecular phenotyping

Karnas

Mordel

Bonnet

et al. 2013

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…However, given the lack of functional rods, cones and dopamine amacrine cells, we could realistically expect light dark cycles to exert less influence on melanopsin expression in the early postnatal retina. In support of this conclusion, it has been shown that light exposure exerts no effect on the increased levels of melanopsin expression that occur in the first 24 hours after birth [29]. Daily variations in melanopsin expression have been reported for M1 cells as early as P5, although rhythms of expression are seemingly absent from M2 cells at this time point [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In general the findings of our expression studies are consistent with previous reports. Levels of melanopsin are known to be relatively low at birth, and show a marked increase during the first few days of postnatal development [4] , [17] , [28] , [29] , resulting in a significant increase in the photosensitivity of individual pRGCs [4] , [12] , [28] . We would suggest that these early changes in melanopsin expression are consistent with the increased levels of Opn4S expression observed between P0 and P3 in our study and most likely represents the functional maturation of M1 type pRGCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Expression of Melanopsin Isoforms Opn4L and Opn4S during Postnatal Development of the Mouse Retina

et al. 2012

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Photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (pRGCs) respond to light from birth and represent the earliest known light detection system to develop in the mouse retina. A number of morphologically and functionally distinct subtypes of pRGCs have been described in the adult retina, and have been linked to different physiological roles. We have previously identified two distinct isoforms of mouse melanopsin, Opn4L and Opn4S, which are generated by alternate splicing of the Opn4 locus. These isoforms are differentially expressed in pRGC subtypes of the adult mouse retina, with both Opn4L and Opn4S detected in M1 type pRGCs, and only Opn4L detected in M2 type pRGCs. Here we investigate the developmental expression of Opn4L and Opn4S and show a differential profile of expression during postnatal development. Opn4S mRNA is detected at relatively constant levels throughout postnatal development, with levels of Opn4S protein showing a marked increase between P0 and P3, and then increasing progressively over time until adult levels are reached by P10. By contrast, levels of Opn4L mRNA and protein are low at birth and show a marked increase at P14 and P30 compared to earlier time points. We suggest that these differing profiles of expression are associated with the functional maturation of M1 and M2 subtypes of pRGCs. Based upon our data, Opn4S expressing M1 type pRGCs mature first and are the dominant pRGC subtype in the neonate retina, whereas increased expression of Opn4L and the maturation of M2 type pRGCs occurs later, between P10 and P14, at a similar time to the maturation of rod and cone photoreceptors. We suggest that the distinct functions associated with these cell types will develop at different times during postnatal development.

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“…Blue light (between 400 and 500 nm) that impinges the retina is absorbed by various cellular components [10,16,28,29]. Melanopsin, which is found in photosensitive ganglion cells [30][31][32], plays a fundamental role in the regulation of circadian rhythms and has a maximum excitation peak at 480 nm [33][34][35]. Other targets of blue light include mitochondria, where there are numerous components that absorb short wavelength light.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protector Role of Intraocular Lenses under Artificial Light Conditions

et al. 2021

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Introduction: The aim of this work is to analyse, in an in vitro model, the possible protective effects of ultraviolet- (UV-) or UV/ blue-filtering intraocular lens (IOLs) under LED lighting conditions. Methods: 10 models of IOLs were evaluated. Light transmission spectrum was recorded from 300 to 800 nm, in steps of 1 nm. Photodamage in vitro model was induced in ARPE-19 cells by blue LED light (465-475 nm). Changes in cell viability and oxidative stress variables were studied to assess the protective effect of IOLs. Results: UV/blue-filtering IOLs models block blue light spectrum in different proportion and UV-filtering IOLs blocking wavelength below 400 nm. However, in vitro study under blue LED light exposure does not show protective effects related with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress of UV/blue-filtering IOLs. Conclusions: The current in vitro study suggest that UV/blue filtering IOLs are not useful in terms of photoprotection in artificial light conditions. The results obtained indicate that it is needed to give attention to other IOLs parameters besides the type of filter, as it seems they could have influence also protective role.

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Perinatal development of melanopsin expression in the mouse retina

Cited by 5 publications

References 36 publications

Heterogeneity of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells in the mouse revealed by molecular phenotyping

Heterogeneity of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells in the mouse revealed by molecular phenotyping

Differential Expression of Melanopsin Isoforms Opn4L and Opn4S during Postnatal Development of the Mouse Retina

Protector Role of Intraocular Lenses under Artificial Light Conditions

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