Performance evaluation of framed slotted ALOHA with reservation packets and succesive interference cancelation for M2M networks

Abstract

Random access protocols like ALOHA have been considered for machine-to-machine (M2M) communication in future networks for their simplicity of operation. This paper evaluates the performance of a Frame Slotted-ALOHA protocol that uses reservation and data packets (FSA-RDP), in a scenario where a controller collects data packets transmitted by a finite number of M2M devices. In FSA-RDP, frames of variable duration are divided in two parts, the reservation and data subframes. During the reservation subframe, active devices send short reservation packets to the controller. The controller assigns reserved slots in the data subframe to those devices that succeeded with the reservation. At devices, the FIFO service discipline and two queue management schemes, tail drop and push-out, have been considered. When the queue size is of one packet, we develop a discrete-time Markov chain to evaluate the protocol performance, including the cumulative distribution function of the delay of data packets that are successfully transmitted. Analytical results are validated by extensive simulations. The simulation model is also used to evaluate the system performance when larger queues are used. In addition, we study the impact that implementing Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) at the controller has on the system performance. We also evaluate the performance of implementing SIC at the controller together with Irregular Repetition Slotted ALOHA (IRSA) to send the reservation packets. Numerical results show that the protocol efficiency of FSA-RDP is between one and two orders of magnitude larger than the efficiency of conventional Frame Slotted ALOHA, when a perfect channel is assumed. In more realistic channel environments, the use of SIC brings an important performance boost.

End to End Delay and Energy Consumption in a Two Tier Cluster Hierarchical Wireless Sensor Networks

“…Some aspects of the Markovian model have been validated in previous work. In particular, in [36] the FSA as RAP was validated for a wide range of traffic load by extensive computer simulations, showing excellent accuracy. With regard to the TDMA model, the validation has been conducted to the particular case of very low data traffic.…”

Age of Information in Reservation Multi-Access Networks with Stochastic Arrivals

“…In each frame of R-MA, one reservation slot, consisting of multiple mini-slots, is introduced for users to contend for the data slots. Only those users made successful reservations are allowed to transmit in their reserved data slots of the said frame, leading to non-conflicting data transmission [16]- [18]. Furthermore, R-MA schemes squeeze the potential collisions among users into the shorter mini-slots, reducing the time overhead for contention.…”

“…As an attempt to fill the gap, in this paper we investigate the average AoI performance of Frame Slotted ALOHA with Reservation and Data slots (FSA-RD), which is an representative R-MA protocol [16]- [18]. Specifically, we consider a symmetric multi-access network, where each user transmits its randomly generated status updates to an access point (AP) in a framed manner.…”

A Framed Slotted ALOHA-Based MAC for Eliminating Vain Wireless Power Transfer in Wireless Powered IoT Networks

“…In [15][16][17][18], a number of papers study RF energy harvesting and data transmission in the architecture of framed slotted ALOHA (FSA) protocol, which is a slotted ALOHA variant and is employed in several practical systems, for examples, machine-type communication networks [19], radio frequency identification (RFID) [20], and low-power wide-area networks (LPWAN) [21,22]. Due to several benefits of simplicity, low delay for short packets, without sensing in devices and without requiring initial connection setup, etc., the FSA is suitable for devices in IoT [23,24] and has been restudied recently. This paper focuses on RF energy harvesting and data transmission in the FSA system.…”