Performance evaluation of approaches to predict sub-hourly peak odour concentrations

Brancher, Marlon; Hieden, Alexander; Baumann‐Stanzer, Kathrin; Schauberger, Günther; Piringer, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.aeaoa.2020.100076

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…According to the FAC2 value, 86 % of simulated values were within a factor of two of the measured values. A negative value of FB indicates model overestimation whereas RMSE and NMSE do not account for over or underestimation but their ideal value is zero (Brancher et al, 2020). Note that the metric results shown are dimensionless because CDF is a non-dimensional quantity.…”

Section: Model Testing and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the effect of catena position and hydrology on soil chemical weathering

García-Gamero¹,

Vanwalleghem²,

Peña³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. The sensitivity of chemical weathering to climatic and erosional forcing is well established at regional scales. However, soil formation is known to vary strongly along catenas where topography, hydrology, and vegetation cause differences in soil properties and possibly chemical weathering. This study applies the SoilGen model to evaluate the link between topographic position and hydrology with the chemical weathering of soil profiles on a north-south catena in southern Spain. Pedogenesis was measured and simulated in seven selected locations over a 20000-year period. A good correspondence between simulated and measured chemical depletion fraction (CDF) was obtained (R2 = 0.47). An important variation in CDF values along the catena was observed, although the position along the catena alone, nor by the slope gradient, explained this variation well. However, the hydrological variables explained the observed trends better. A positive trend between CDF data and soil moisture and infiltration and a negative trend with water residence time was found. The model sensitivity was evaluated with a large precipitation gradient (200–1200 mm yr−1). While a marked depth gradient was obtained for CDF with precipitation up to 800 mm yr−1, a uniform depth distribution was obtained with precipitation above 800 mm yr−1. The basic pattern for the response of chemical weathering to precipitation is a unimodal curve, with a maximum around a mean annual precipitation value of 800 mm yr−1. Interestingly, this corroborates similar findings on the relation of other soil properties to precipitation and should be explored in further research.

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Section: Model Testing and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the effect of catena position and hydrology on soil chemical weathering

García-Gamero¹,

Vanwalleghem²,

Peña³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…There are two reasons for this: one is that these approaches are generally more complex than canonical dispersion models; the other, which is probably the most important, is that there are today very few legislative constraints that would make mandatory the adoption of such models. For example, in recent years, different attempts have been made to include prescriptions for odour thresholds that lead to the development of operational models for the estimate of odour concentration (Brancher et al 2020). As evidenced in Brancher et al (2017), however, these prescriptions vary significantly from one country to another, and even between different regions of the same country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in recent years, different attempts have been made to include prescriptions for odour thresholds that lead to the development of operational models for the estimate of odour concentration (Brancher et al. 2020 ). As evidenced in Brancher et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration Fluctuations from Localized Atmospheric Releases

Cassiani

Bertagni

Marro

et al. 2020

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

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We review the efforts made by the scientific community in more than seventy years to elucidate the behaviour of concentration fluctuations arising from localized atmospheric releases of dynamically passive and non-reactive scalars. Concentration fluctuations are relevant in many fields including the evaluation of toxicity, flammability, and odour nuisance. Characterizing concentration fluctuations requires not just the mean concentration but also at least the variance of the concentration in the location of interest. However, for most purposes the characterization of the concentration fluctuations requires knowledge of the concentration probability density function (PDF) in the point of interest and even the time evolution of the concentration. We firstly review the experimental works made both in the field and in the laboratory, and cover both point sources and line sources. Regarding modelling approaches, we cover analytical, semi-analytical, and numerical methods. For clarity of presentation we subdivide the models in two groups, models linked to a transport equation, which usually require a numerical resolution, and models mainly based on phenomenological aspects of dispersion, often providing analytical or semi-analytical relations. The former group includes: large-eddy simulations, Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes methods, two-particle Lagrangian stochastic models, PDF transport equation methods, and heuristic Lagrangian single-particle methods. The latter group includes: fluctuating plume models, semi-empirical models for the concentration moments, analytical models for the concentration PDF, and concentration time-series models. We close the review with a brief discussion highlighting possible useful additions to experiments and improvements to models.

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“…A new approach to calculating the short-term odour concentration based on one-hour mean values is used beside the two other methods. The "concentration variance" method [41] was implemented in the Lagrangian dispersion models GRAL and LASAT [42,43]. A critical review of the three methods can be found in Brancher et al (2020) [42].…”

Section: Annoyance Potential Exceedance Probability P T (%) Exceedance Probability P T (%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The "concentration variance" method [41] was implemented in the Lagrangian dispersion models GRAL and LASAT [42,43]. A critical review of the three methods can be found in Brancher et al (2020) [42].…”

Section: Annoyance Potential Exceedance Probability P T (%) Exceedance Probability P T (%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Summary and Overview of the Odour Regulations Worldwide

Bokowa¹,

Diaz²,

Kozieł

et al. 2021

Atmosphere

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When it comes to air pollution complaints, odours are often the most significant contributor. Sources of odour emissions range from natural to anthropogenic. Mitigation of odour can be challenging, multifaceted, site-specific, and is often confounded by its complexity—defined by existing (or non-existing) environmental laws, public ordinances, and socio-economic considerations. The objective of this paper is to review and summarise odour legislation in selected European countries (France, Germany, Austria, Hungary, the UK, Spain, the Netherlands, Italy, Belgium), North America (the USA and Canada), and South America (Chile and Colombia), as well as Oceania (Australia and New Zealand) and Asia (Japan, China). Many countries have incorporated odour controls into their legislation. However, odour-related assessment criteria tend to be highly variable between countries, individual states, provinces, and even counties and towns. Legislation ranges from (1) no specific mention in environmental legislation that regulates pollutants which are known to have an odour impact to (2) extensive details about odour source testing, odour dispersion modelling, ambient odour monitoring, (3) setback distances, (4) process operations, and (5) odour control technologies and procedures. Agricultural operations are one specific source of odour emissions in rural and suburban areas and a model example of such complexities. Management of agricultural odour emissions is important because of the dense consolidation of animal feeding operations and the advance of housing development into rural areas. Overall, there is a need for continued survey, review, development, and adjustment of odour legislation that considers sustainable development, environmental stewardship, and socio-economic realities, all of which are amenable to a just, site-specific, and sector-specific application.

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Performance evaluation of approaches to predict sub-hourly peak odour concentrations

Cited by 14 publications

References 59 publications

Modelling the effect of catena position and hydrology on soil chemical weathering

Modelling the effect of catena position and hydrology on soil chemical weathering

Concentration Fluctuations from Localized Atmospheric Releases

Summary and Overview of the Odour Regulations Worldwide

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