Performance evaluation of a dual band paper substrate wireless sensor networks antenna over curvilinear surfaces

Abstract

This study brings out the design, fabrication and performance evaluation of a compact, dual band antenna on paper substrate. The two bands of operations are 2.18 to 2.50 and 5.22 to 5.72 GHz. These bands are used by the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and radio frequency identification systems (RFID). The antenna becomes useful for the WSN nodes and RFID systems at these frequencies. The overall size of the antenna is 40 mm × 20 mm × 0.6 mm, which makes it a compact one. Antenna was tested for the effect of bending by placing it over curvilinear surfaces. The bending was done in horizontal (X) and vertical (Y) axes. These examinations will help to understand the effect of wind loading and other packaging related bending on antenna performance. The main features of this antenna are stability in performance under bent conditions, simple configuration and low cost of fabrication. A thin polyethylene layer has been used to laminate the antenna for permanence. The effect of lamination has also been explained in the course of the study.

Dual broadband antenna with compact double ring radiators for IEEE 802.11 ac/b/g/n WLAN communication applications

“…The increasing demand rate of WLANs to be utilized in daily life has resulted in different antenna structures to be designed with low profiles, light weights, flush mounting, and single feeds to fit the limited equipment space of WLAN devices. Many antenna types designed to meet WLAN standard requirements have been developed and presented [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. These antennas are designed in the form of zigzag-shaped rectangular patch radiators [1], L-and U-shaped slot loaded monopole radiators [2,3], L-shaped slot fed parasitic patch radiators [4], fork-shaped monopole radiators [5,6], E-shaped monopole radiators [7], and circular ring radiators with Y-shaped feeding lines [8].…”

“…Many antenna types designed to meet WLAN standard requirements have been developed and presented [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. These antennas are designed in the form of zigzag-shaped rectangular patch radiators [1], L-and U-shaped slot loaded monopole radiators [2,3], L-shaped slot fed parasitic patch radiators [4], fork-shaped monopole radiators [5,6], E-shaped monopole radiators [7], and circular ring radiators with Y-shaped feeding lines [8]. In addition, there are alternative antenna designs, which are inspired by the metamaterial unit cell geometries utilized in artificial material design [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

“…They are designed in the form of metamaterial reactive loaded antennas with inverted L-shaped slot defected ground planes [9], triangular-shaped split-ring resonator (SRR) terminated slot radiators [10], complementary SRR loaded monopole antennas [11,12], open-ended ring antennas with discrete chip * Correspondence: merih.palandoken@ikc.edu.tr inductors [13], inductively coupled two open-ended loop radiators [14], and meandering SRR slot loaded Yshaped monopole radiators [15]. Among the well-known microstrip antennas, these planar monopole antennas have received much more interest than other antenna types due to their potentials resulting in required radiation features of dual band or multiband, wide bandwidth, and low profile for a wireless communication system [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Microstrip antenna with compact anti-spiral slot resonator for 2.4 GHz energy harvesting applications

“…In literature, they are designed in the form of inset‐ and probe‐fed U‐slot microstip patch antenna , E‐shaped patch antenna , a dual‐rhombic‐loop antenna , proximity‐coupled microstrip ring antenna , dual‐frequency circularly polarized shorted ring‐slot antenna , multiband folded meander line antenna , microstrip circular sector antenna , stepped impedance half‐wavelength dipole antenna, circular microstrip patch antenna with two unbalanced circular slots and array of rectangular microstrip patch antenna with 16 elements . Manyantenna types designedto meet WLANstandard requirements can also be utilized to extract RF energy in WLAN band .…”

Compact WLAN Monopole Antenna with L-shaped Strip Line and Spiral Line Loaded Ring Resonator

“…Several antenna types with compatible operability to WLAN standard requirements have been developed [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. In the class of well-known microstrip antennas, the planar monopole antennas have especially received much more interest than other antenna types due to their potentials satisfying desired radiation properties of dual band or multiband, wide bandwidth, and low profile for a wireless communication system [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Artificial material based antenna design is one of emerging compact microstrip antenna design methods for desired antenna radiation performance in a limited volume [14][15][16][17][18][19].…”