Performance Degradation Predictions Based on Microstructural Evolution Due to Grain Coarsening Effects in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Electrodes

Mason, Jeffrey T.; Lee, Shiwoo; Abernathy, Harry; Hackett, Gregory

doi:10.1149/2.0721802jes

Cited by 36 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…8b under electrolysis From this point of view, other important mechanisms must be involved in the degradation especially under SOEC mode. This observation reinforces the assumption that the destabilization of the O2 electrode and its reactivity with the electrolyte could be a major process to account for the acceleration of the cell degradation when operated under electrolysis current [35]. Finally, it is worth reminding that the present study has been carried out by keeping the same gas composition for the fuel cell and electrolysis tests (i.e.…”

Section: Quantification Of Ni Coarsening On the Degradationsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…In this process, the main driving force would be the minimization of the Ni specific surface area with the growth of the biggest particles to the detriment of the smallest ones [31]. The mechanism, which involves a mass transfer at short-distance, could be controlled by (i) a solid-state diffusion of vacancies [30,31], (ii) a surface diffusion involving the transfer of Ni atoms or Ni2-OH species [30][31][32][33][34][35] or (iii) a transport in the gas phase by a local Ni vaporisation/condensation under Ni(OH)2 volatile molecules [36,37]. The validity of this mechanism in the cermet has been demonstrated thanks to microstructural observations after operation, which have highlighted the local Ni reorganisation with a shift of the Particle Size Distribution (PSD) toward bigger particles [15,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7b) [19,21,25,34]. A second approach uses physically-based models for the sintering of two adjacent particles [15,19,26,31,35,36,42,65].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Nickel agglomeration on Solid Oxide Cell operated in fuel cell and electrolysis modes

Hubert

Laurencin

Cloetens

et al. 2018

Journal of Power Sources

142

107

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Long-term experiments have been carried out to investigate the impact of Nickel (Ni) coarsening on the performance of Solid Oxide Cell. Durability tests have been performed with H2 electrode supported cells at 850 °C and 750 °C in fuel cell and electrolysis modes. Microstructural changes in the composite electrode of Nickel and Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) have been characterized by synchrotron X-ray nanotomography. Analysis of the reconstructions have revealed that Ni coarsening induces a significant decrease of both the density of Triple Phase Boundary lengths (TPBls) and the Ni/gas specific surface area. However, the contact surface between Ni and YSZ is not changed upon operation, meaning the Ni sintering is inhibited by the YSZ backbone. Moreover, the Ni coarsening rate is independent of the electrode polarization. The evolution of TPBls in operation has been fitted by a phenomenological law implemented in an electrochemical model. Simulations have shown that microstructural changes in the H2 electrode explain 30% of the total degradation in fuel cell mode and 25% in electrolysis mode at 850 °C after 1000-2000 h. Moreover, it has been highlighted that the temperature at which the degradation is estimated after the durability experiment plays a major role on the result.

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Section: Quantification Of Ni Coarsening On the Degradationsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Impact of Nickel agglomeration on Solid Oxide Cell operated in fuel cell and electrolysis modes

Hubert

Laurencin

Cloetens

et al. 2018

Journal of Power Sources

142

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In literature a direct correlation between the partial pressure of H 2 O and Ni mobility and depletion was already dis-cussed for steam electrolysis operation, though no mechanism has been proven so far [10,11,27,[51][52][53][54][55]. However, the studies mostly focus on fuel electrode supported single cells with Ni-YSZ electrodes.…”

Section: Investigation Of the Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Long‐term Stability of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Stacks under Pressurized Conditions in Exothermic Steam and Co‐electrolysis Mode

2020

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In this study three identically constructed ten-layer stacks with electrolyte supported cells were tested in exothermic steam and co-electrolysis mode at elevated pressures of 1.4 and 8 bar. Investigations during constant-current operation at a current density of-0.5 A cm-2 and a reactant conversion of 70% over 1,000-2,000 h were carried out. The inlet gas composition for steam electrolysis was 90/10 (H 2 O/H 2) and 63.7/31.3/3.3/1.7 (H 2 O/CO 2 /H 2 /CO) for co-electrolysis operation. All stacks showed highly similar resistances at the beginning of the tests indicating a high level of accuracy and repeatability during manufacturing. The stack operated in steam electrolysis mode at 1.4 bar showed comparably low degradation of 8 mV kh-1 cell-1 , whereas the stack operated at 8 bar showed an approximately four times higher degradation. The third stack was operated in co-electrolysis mode at 1.4 and 8 bar and showed noticeably higher degradation rates than during steam electrolysis mode. The predominant increase of the ohmic resistance during operation was identified to be mainly responsible for the observed degradation of all three stacks, whereas the increase of the polarization resistances played a subordinate role. Within the post-test analysis, noticeably high nickel depletion was observed for the stack operated at the highest pressure in steam electrolysis mode. Furthermore, partial delamination of electrodes was observed. The degradation is discussed with relation to phenomena and experimental parameters during operation.

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“…The microstructure metrics quantified in the previous section have been used in effective medium theory models to describe electrochemical properties or performance of electrodes. [49][50][51] The statistical similarity between the original and GAN structures suggest that their effective medium properties will match as well. For a more direct comparison of local performance, microstructurally resolved, finite element simulations of electrochemistry were carried out on 30 volumes from each microstructure type: original, GAN-synthetic, and DREAM.3D-synthetic.…”

Section: Electrochemical Performancementioning

confidence: 91%

Microstructure Generation via Generative Adversarial Network for Heterogeneous, Topologically Complex 3D Materials

Hsu

Epting

Kim

et al. 2020

JOM

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Using a large-scale, experimentally captured 3D microstructure data set, we implement the generative adversarial network (GAN) framework to learn and generate 3D microstructures of solid oxide fuel cell electrodes. The generated microstructures are visually, statistically, and topologically realistic, with distributions of microstructural parameters, including volume fraction, particle size, surface area, tortuosity, and triple-phase boundary density, being highly similar to those of the original microstructure. These results are compared and contrasted with those from an established, grain-based generation algorithm (DREAM.3D). Importantly, simulations of electrochemical performance, using a locally resolved finite element model, demonstrate that the GAN-generated microstructures closely match the performance distribution of the original, while DREAM.3D leads to significant differences. The ability of the generative machine learning model to recreate microstructures with high fidelity suggests that the essence of complex microstructures may be captured and represented in a compact and manipulatable form.

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Performance Degradation Predictions Based on Microstructural Evolution Due to Grain Coarsening Effects in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Electrodes

Cited by 36 publications

References 46 publications

Impact of Nickel agglomeration on Solid Oxide Cell operated in fuel cell and electrolysis modes

Impact of Nickel agglomeration on Solid Oxide Cell operated in fuel cell and electrolysis modes

Investigation of the Long‐term Stability of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Stacks under Pressurized Conditions in Exothermic Steam and Co‐electrolysis Mode

Microstructure Generation via Generative Adversarial Network for Heterogeneous, Topologically Complex 3D Materials

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