“…Originally, the cyclic reservation-based MAC scheme was proposed by IBM and had two versions developed, i.e., cyclic reservation multiple access (CRMA) [15] and CRMA-II (version 2 of CRMA) [3,4,10]. The latter version, namely, CRMA-II, was the enhancement of CRMA for bus and ring topologies and had been shown to be rather e cient in comparison with other MAC protocols for highspeed LANs and MANs [1,8,14,16]. Remarkably, these protocols satisfy fairness requirements [2,6] so that the properties of high network throughput and low response time are sustained under heavy network loads.…”