Perennial cereal crops: An initial evaluation of wheat derivatives

Hayes, Richard; Newell, Matthew T.; DeHaan, Lee R.; Murphy, Kevin M.; Crane, S. R.; Norton, Mark; Wade, Leonard; Newberry, Marcus; Fahim, Muhammad; Jones, Stephen S.; Cox, T. S.; Larkin, P. J.

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2012.03.014

Cited by 64 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…An even more progressive option may be to develop perennial-based cropping systems where grain is harvested directly from the perennial crop rather than growing sequences of annual crops in phased rotations with perennial pasture species. Early generation perennial crop germplasm currently exists which, although not yet commercially deployable, holds promise for future cropping systems to further improve resource use efficiencies and reduce losses such as N 2 O emissions (Hayes et al 2012;Crews and Dehaan 2015). Further research is warranted to progress perennial plant technologies to reduce N 2 O emissions from cropping soils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tillage does not increase nitrous oxide emissions under dryland canola (Brassica napus L.) in a semiarid environment of south-eastern Australia

Li¹,

Conyers²,

Schwenke

et al. 2016

Soil Res.

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Abstract. Dryland cereal production systems of south-eastern Australia require viable options for reducing nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions without compromising productivity and profitability. A 4-year rotational experiment with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-canola (Brassica napus L.)-grain legumes-wheat in sequence was established at Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia, in a semiarid Mediterranean-type environment where long-term average annual rainfall is 541 mm and the incidence of summer rainfall is episodic and unreliable. The objectives of the experiment were to investigate whether (i) tillage increases N 2 O emissions and (ii) nitrogen (N) application can improve productivity without increasing N 2 O emissions. The base experimental design for each crop phase was a split-plot design with tillage treatment (tilled versus no-till) as the whole plot, and N fertiliser rate (0, 25, 50 and 100 kg N/ha) as the subplot, replicated three times. This paper reports high resolution N 2 O emission data under a canola crop. The daily N 2 O emission rate averaged 0.55 g N 2 O-N/ha. day, ranging between -0.81 and 6.71 g N 2 O-N/ha.day. The annual cumulative N 2 O-N emitted was 175.6 and 224.3 g N 2 O-N/ha under 0 and 100 kg N/ha treatments respectively. There was no evidence to support the first hypothesis that tillage increases N 2 O emissions, a result which may give farmers more confidence to use tillage strategically to manage weeds and diseases where necessary. However, increasing N fertiliser rate tended to increase N 2 O emissions, but did not increase crop production at this site.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tillage does not increase nitrous oxide emissions under dryland canola (Brassica napus L.) in a semiarid environment of south-eastern Australia

Li¹,

Conyers²,

Schwenke

et al. 2016

Soil Res.

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“…Intermediate wheatgrass is currently being domesticated through selection for high yield (Cox et al, 2006). Related agronomic research has also focused on yield (Jaikumar et al, 2012;Hayes et al, 2012). Disease resistance is another key objective of some perennial grain plant breeders (Cox et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The benefits of perennial grains for reducing nitrate leaching, enhancing the biodiversity of agricultural landscapes, sequestering carbon, reducing erosion, reducing labor and input costs and improving resilience to climate change have all been proposed, and some of these benefits have been demonstrated on the field scale (Glover et al, 2010;Jaikumar et al, 2012;Pimentel et al, 2012;Culman et al, 2013). However, the focus of efforts to develop a new perennial growth form of wheat has privileged grain yield, and to a lesser extent grain quality (Cox et al, 2006;Murphy et al, 2009Murphy et al, , 2010Jaikumar et al, 2012;Hayes et al, 2012), over the potential environmental benefits these crops would provide both on-farm and across the landscape.…”

Section: Perennial Grainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding perennial wheat adoption as a transformative technology: evidence from the literature and farmers

Adebiyi

Olabisi

Snapp

2015

Renew. Agric. Food Syst.

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Perennial grain crops are an example of a 'transformative technology,' in which the functionality and science of the technology differ in a fundamental manner from conventional grain crops. A review of the literature indicates that the motivation for farmer adoption of transformative technologies is complex and poorly understood. At the same time, many studies have found concern and awareness about environmental issues to be significantly and positively correlated with the adoption of no-till agriculture, organic farming and agroforestry. Building on these insights, we conducted an ex ante study of perennial wheat adoption among 11 farmers from Michigan and Ohio. Perennial wheat is not yet commercially available, so a semi-structured interview format was chosen to allow for in-depth discussions of the crop's potential characteristics and uses. Consistent with the literature on transformative technology adoption, farmers who approached us to learn more about perennial grains described soil and environmental quality as their primary motivations for doing so. Farmers suggested a total of ten different uses for perennial wheat, only one of which was mentioned specifically by interviewers. This diversity of proposed uses implied a wide range of criteria for adoption. A striking result was that the ability of perennial wheat to compete with annual wheat on the basis of yield, a focus of researchers, was brought up by only one of the interviewees, as many farmers proposed perennial wheat as a means of solving a problem for which no other crop provided an adequate solution, often by planting perennial wheat on an under-used or marginal area of the farm. This is suggestive that interacting with farmers could alter priorities in perennial grain improvement, as has occurred in other radically transformative agriculture technologies.

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“…Perennial grain crops may also be bred for high levels of disease resistance. Hayes et al 232 noted that wheatgrass species (Thinopyrum and Agropyron spp.) conveyed resistance to many diseases when crossed with wheat to produce perennial hybrids.…”

Section: Biotic Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting perennial vegetation in agricultural landscapes for enhancing ecosystem services

Asbjornsen

Hernández‐Santana

Liebman

et al. 2013

Renew. Agric. Food Syst.

235

168

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Over the past century, agricultural landscapes worldwide have increasingly been managed for the primary purpose of producing food, while other diverse ecosystem services potentially available from these landscapes have often been undervalued and diminished. The incorporation of relatively small amounts of perennial vegetation in strategic locations within agricultural landscapes dominated by annual crops-or perennialization-creates an opportunity for enhancing the provision of a wide range of goods and services to society, such as water purification, hydrologic regulation, pollination services, control of pest and pathogen populations, diverse food and fuel products, and greater resilience to climate change and extreme disturbances, while at the same time improving the sustainability of food production. This paper synthesizes the current scientific theory and evidence for the role of perennial plants in balancing conservation with agricultural production, focusing on the Midwestern USA as a model system, while also drawing comparisons with other climatically diverse regions of the world. Particular emphasis is given to identifying promising opportunities for advancement and critical gaps in our knowledge related to purposefully integrating perennial vegetation into agroecosystems as a management tool for maximizing multiple benefits to society. AbstractOver the past century, agricultural landscapes worldwide have increasingly been managed for the primary purpose of producing food, while other diverse ecosystem services potentially available from these landscapes have often been undervalued and diminished. The incorporation of relatively small amounts of perennial vegetation in strategic locations within agricultural landscapes dominated by annual crops-or perennialization-creates an opportunity for enhancing the provision of a wide range of goods and services to society, such as water purification, hydrologic regulation, pollination services, control of pest and pathogen populations, diverse food and fuel products, and greater resilience to climate change and extreme disturbances, while at the same time improving the sustainability of food production. This paper synthesizes the current scientific theory and evidence for the role of perennial plants in balancing conservation with agricultural production, focusing on the Midwestern USA as a model system, while also drawing comparisons with other climatically diverse regions of the world. Particular emphasis is given to identifying promising opportunities for advancement and critical gaps in our knowledge related to purposefully integrating perennial vegetation into agroecosystems as a management tool for maximizing multiple benefits to society.

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Perennial cereal crops: An initial evaluation of wheat derivatives

Cited by 64 publications

References 45 publications

Tillage does not increase nitrous oxide emissions under dryland canola (Brassica napus L.) in a semiarid environment of south-eastern Australia

Tillage does not increase nitrous oxide emissions under dryland canola (Brassica napus L.) in a semiarid environment of south-eastern Australia

Understanding perennial wheat adoption as a transformative technology: evidence from the literature and farmers

Targeting perennial vegetation in agricultural landscapes for enhancing ecosystem services

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